Disease

It is characterized by a disruption of the vital functions of the body, its relationship with the environment and usually leads to a temporary or permanent decrease or loss of ability to work. The disease occurs under the influence of factors harmful to the body (the so-called extreme irritant, or pathogenic agent), when the strength of their influence exceeds the protective or compensatory capabilities of the body. In this case, for the occurrence of a disease, a single exposure to a pathogenic agent may be sufficient (for example, during injury, poisoning) or the disease occurs only with prolonged exposure (for example, a systematic violation of the diet leads to diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, overeating leads to metabolic disorders, the consequence of which may be obesity and others). The disease may be caused by developmental defects or hereditary defects (see Hereditary diseases).

A pathogenic agent, having a damaging effect on the body, simultaneously contributes to the mobilization of its protective and adaptive reactions. Thus, disease is usually characterized by a combination of two interrelated processes - damage and protection. For example, during inflammation, along with tissue damage, there is a fixation (delay) of bacterial toxins in the inflammatory focus, increased blood flow to the site of inflammation and activation of the function of cells that cleanse the inflamed tissue from decay products and contribute to the rapid restoration of damaged tissues.

During the course of an illness, the phenomena of damage and adaptive reactions intended to protect the body or ensure recovery are closely intertwined. The causes of diseases are very diverse. A disease can develop when a single causative factor acts on the body or when its action is combined with conditions predisposing to the disease.

Modern medicine studies the problem of disease in a comprehensive manner. The causes and conditions of occurrence (etiology) and mechanisms of pathological (painful) processes and individual diseases, mechanisms of protective and restorative processes in the body (pathogenesis), features of the clinical course and symptoms of various diseases are studied. Based on this study, methods for diagnosing diseases, their treatment and prevention are being developed.

An important place is occupied by measures that help increase the body's resistance and defenses, so special treatment is always combined with general strengthening.

When one of the family members falls ill, then all the others, each in their own way, are involved in this illness. The correct attitude of family members towards the patient is important.

Disease prevention measures are varied and are divided into public and personal prevention.

Disease as a socially significant phenomenon. The role of family, society and the state in preserving human health

A disease is a condition of the body that is characterized by a violation of its functions and biological processes. It can be caused by a variety of reasons, including viruses, bacteria, toxins, allergens, stress and other factors. Diseases can have serious consequences for a person's health and lead to disability, as well as affect the overall quality of life. In this text we will consider the role of family, society, and the state in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of sick people.

It is important to remember that illness is not only a medical problem. It influences all areas of a person’s life, including his relationships with family, society and the state. For this reason, in order for the disease to affect a person’s life less, an integrated work of all participants in the healthcare system is necessary.

The family plays a vital role in the health of its members. First of all, the family provides emotional support. Such support is especially necessary if one of the family members has the disease.

The word “disease” denotes a pathological state of the body, or illness, as opposed to non-pathological conditions (sex, fatigue, hunger, thirst, etc.).\n\n1. According to the object, diseases are divided into infectious, exogenous and internal.\n\n2. Depending on the duration of the disease, there are