Macular dystrophy

Macular degeneration (dystrophia maculae luteae) is a degenerative disease of the central region of the retina (macula), leading to the gradual loss of central vision.

The main causes of dystrophy:

1. Age-related macular degeneration is the most common form and occurs in people over 50 years of age.

2. Dystrophy associated with hereditary factors.

3. Dystrophy as a complication of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and other systemic diseases.

Main symptoms:

1. Gradual deterioration of central vision, distortion of straight lines.

2. The appearance of a scotoma (dark spot) in the center of the visual field.

3. Impaired color perception.

Diagnosis is based on ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography.

Treatment includes improving the blood supply to the retina and vitamin therapy. In advanced stages, surgical treatment is used.

The prognosis depends on the form of dystrophy and the stage of the disease. Timely treatment slows down the development of macular degeneration.