Encephalography

An encephalogram is a recording of the electrical activity of the brain, which occurs using electroencephalography (EEG). An encephalogram can be obtained by attaching electrodes to the scalp and recording the electrical signals that occur in the brain.

EEG is used to diagnose various brain diseases such as epilepsy, depression, schizophrenia and others. It can also be used to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments for various brain-related diseases.

To obtain an encephalogram, an EEG device is used, which consists of several electrical sensors placed on the patient’s head. These sensors record electrical signals generated by the brain and transmit them to a computer, where they are displayed as a graph.

An encephalogram allows doctors to see which areas of the brain are most active at a given time, as well as what changes occur in brain activity during various conditions, such as sleep, wakefulness, or stress.

Despite the fact that an encephalogram is a fairly accurate diagnostic method, it cannot always give a complete picture of the state of the brain. Therefore, for a more accurate diagnosis, other brain research methods, such as MRI or PET, are used.

However, the encephalogram is still one of the most common methods for studying the brain and is widely used in clinical practice for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.

Since ancient times, attempts have been made to study the functioning of the human brain. A person, through consciousness, controls the world inside and outside of him, it is thanks to the conscious mind that we strive to comprehend knowledge about the functioning of the nervous system, about the nervous processes occurring in the brain, it is for this purpose that a method for studying the functioning of the human brain was developed - Encephalogram or Encephaloscopy.

To register an electroencephalogram, it is necessary to first carry out contact measurements, i.e. when the sensor recording the EEG is attached directly to the scalp of the person being recorded, there is also another method of recording the EEG - these are needle recordings, when small wire needles are inserted through the scalp deep into the tissues, which touch the membrane covering the brain, then an electrocorticograph (recorder) is connected to them electrical activity of the brain), working synchronously with a background device that records heart and respiratory activity. Unfortunately, this method has not found practical application. Ultimately, the first method was found to be the most acceptable and is widely used today. In most cases, to obtain the clearest data, the doctor has to use highly sensitive printing instruments or bipolar recorders operating with a small amplitude, which is very important when studying children with hyperexcitability and adults with reduced function of the cerebral cortex. Therefore, in this case, direct recording of the EGG takes place without amplification; the signal is amplified after conversion to digital expression. When recording EEG remotely, the possibility of direct contact between the sensor and the patient’s scalp is excluded; this eliminates the influence of electrical interference on the sensor as when conducting contact measurements; in this case, there is no need to use special electrodes, because the potentials of stray currents do not interact with each other, and therefore,