Epithelium Pigment

Pigment epithelium: Features and Role in Health

Pigment epithelium (Pigmentosum, LNN) is a rare genetic disease characterized by increased sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. This inherited disorder involves problems with a gene responsible for repairing damaged DNA and results in the accumulation of DNA defects in epithelial cells, especially in areas exposed to sunlight.

The main feature of pigment epithelium is extremely high sensitivity to UV radiation. People with this disorder are unable to effectively repair DNA damage caused by UV radiation, leading to the accumulation of mutations and an increased risk of developing skin cancer. Also characteristic symptoms are premature skin aging, the appearance of age spots, sunburn and dry skin.

In addition to the skin, pigment epithelium can affect other organs such as the eyes, lungs and nervous system. People with this condition have an increased risk of developing eye tumors, cataracts, and other vision problems. Damage to the lungs can lead to limited breathing ability, and nerve problems can cause motor coordination problems and cognitive deficits.

Treatment for pigment epithelium is aimed at minimizing exposure to UV radiation and preventing and treating symptoms and complications. Patients should strictly avoid direct sunlight and use protective equipment such as sunscreen, UV-protective clothing, and sunglasses. Regular examinations and screening for skin cancer are important measures to detect and treat tumors at an early stage.

Research in pigment epithelium is also aimed at developing new treatments and technologies that can enhance DNA repair and reduce the risk of skin cancer. Some of the approaches being explored include gene therapy, the use of photoprotectants, and the use of new DNA repair techniques.

In conclusion, pigment epithelium is a rare genetic disorder that results in increased sensitivity to UV radiation and an increased risk of developing skin cancer. Understanding the mechanisms of this disease and developing new treatments play an important role in preventing and managing its consequences. Further research and development of technologies in this area may lead to an improvement in the quality of life of patients with pigment epithelium and a reduction in its negative impact on health.