**Rectum-pararectal fistulas** are pathological fistulas between the rectum and para-rectal tissue, which can occur as a result of various diseases of the rectum and anus, as well as as a result of trauma. These pathologies are often accompanied by purulent-inflammatory processes and can lead to serious complications.
There are no estimated data on the incidence of rectum-pararectum fistulas in the scientific literature. In any case, their importance is great, since they can lead to complications in the form of peritonitis and proctitis. According to some studies, the frequency of their occurrence ranges from 0.1 to 1.8%.
The pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of rectum-pararectal fistula have not been fully studied. A number of researchers believe that the basis of the disease is a violation of the anatomical relationships of the rectum with the pararectal muscles, cellular spaces and fatty tissue along the posterior border of the rectum. In this case, the formation of an internal opening of the fistula tract is possible, where injury occurs