Gate of the Kidney

The renal hilum is the area between the two pelvises located in the abdominal cavity, where blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter and exit the capsule. This is an important anatomical structure for the functioning of the kidney, as it ensures even distribution of blood, nutrients and hormones throughout the surface of the organ. Disturbances in the functioning of the renal gate can lead to various diseases such as pyelonephritis, renal failure and tumors.

The renal hilum is located on the posterior surface of the kidney and consists of two parts - the lateral and medial sinus. The lateral sinus is located between the adipose tissue and the kidney capsule, and the medial sinus is located between the capsule and fibrous tissue. Both sinuses have the shape of a funnel through which blood vessels pass from the cortex to the medulla of the kidney. In the center of the portal there is a small opening - the medullary renal sinus, through which the renal arteries and veins emerge.

The function of the kidney gate is to ensure uniform flow of blood and urinary secretions to all parts of the organ, as well as to prevent the penetration of harmful infections and microorganisms. If the gate functions abnormally, a decrease or increase in blood pressure may occur, as well as renal dysfunction.