Hemarthrosis

Hemarthrosis: causes, symptoms, treatment and complications

Hemarthrosis is a hemorrhage into the joint cavity that occurs due to injuries or blood diseases with a violation of the coagulation system. The most common location of hemarthrosis is the knee joint. In this article we will look at the causes, symptoms, treatment and complications of this disease.

Causes of hemarthrosis

Hemarthrosis can occur with contusion or intra-articular injuries of the joint, such as ruptures of the capsule, meniscus, dislocations, subluxations and fractures. In addition, hemarthrosis may be associated with blood diseases such as hemophilia, which is a disorder of blood clotting.

Symptoms of hemarthrosis

The main symptom of hemarthrosis is pain in the joint, which intensifies with movement. There is also a restriction of movement and an increase in the volume of the joint. Depending on the degree of hemorrhage, the joint may be filled with blood to the very top. With knee hemarthrosis, a hard swelling may occur in the knee area.

To exclude bone injury, an x-ray of the joint is necessary. If hemarthrosis is suspected, the doctor may also perform an ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging.

Complications of hemarthrosis

If hemarthrosis is not treated, it can become chronic and cause the development of synovitis - inflammation of the inner lining of the joint. When the contents of the joint become infected, purulent arthritis can develop.

Treatment of hemarthrosis

If you are diagnosed with hemarthrosis, you should consult a doctor immediately. In severe cases of hemarthrosis, transportation to a hospital with immobilization of the joint may be required. The doctor may also perform an aseptic puncture of the joint to remove any accumulated blood.

To relieve pain and reduce swelling, a pressure bandage in the form of a ring or a posterior plaster splint is applied to the joint for 2-3 weeks. After this, therapeutic exercises and physiotherapy are prescribed to restore joint function and prevent possible complications.

In conclusion, hemarthrosis is a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. Treatment of hemarthrosis should be comprehensive and include drug therapy, physiotherapy and therapeutic exercises. If you notice symptoms of hemarthrosis, do not delay visiting a doctor - timely treatment will help you avoid complications and quickly return to normal life. Remember that joint health is the basis of a healthy lifestyle, so take care of your joints and monitor their condition.

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Reasons for the development of hemarthrosis

1. Coagulopathies and thrombocytopenia. For example, in the context of diseases such as: - Liver diseases (vitamin K deficiency, Gaucher disease, hemochromatosis, cirrhosis, hepatic coma, etc.). - Hemophilia and other bleeding disorders.