Hypaxial Part of Myotomes

The hypaxial parts of the myotome are a collection of muscle fibers located in the hypocranial region of the face and torso. Their formation begins in the 2nd month of embryonic development and occurs under the influence of cerebral velum cells. During this period of development, the first facial tissues—pseudoectodermal elements—emerge from the mesenchyme, which replaces the process of formation of the brain from the nerve ganglion. They are the precursors of the dermis of the head and neck, the cartilaginous plate of the nose and the conjunctiva. The hypaxic parts of the myotsomes also arise from this tissue. The first muscle fibers are found in the facial area, but then they spread to the scalp and face, as well as to the anterior surface of the chest, the sides of the neck and the upper limbs. They also fix the cranial nerves and muscles. For the head shells, hypaxial myotomes are formed from tissue of mesodermal origin. At the same time, they form feeding vessels that supply the brain. From the 3rd week of intrauterine development, in the process of differentiation of embryonic tissues, qualitative and quantitative changes occur, which lead to the formation of the facial, hypaxic sections of the myotome, innervation, arteries and veins. By the end of the 4th month of intrauterine life, due to formative processes, variations occur in the development of these elements, from which the facial muscles are formed. Complete formation and colonization of the facial region by muscle fibers occurs by the seventh month of embryonic life.

The hypaxial position of the myotome refers to an anomaly in the development of the nervous system. This part of the body is located in the neck and is responsible for controlling swallowing. Hypoxia of the myotome can lead to various serious consequences, such as difficulty breathing, problems with swallowing.

To find out if you have myotoma hypoxia, you can consult a doctor and