Glenoid Cavity, Glenoid Fossa

Glenoid Cavity, Glenoid Fossa is a pear-shaped depression in the lateral corner of the scapula into which the head of the humerus enters. This socket forms the articular surface for articulation with the humerus, forming the shoulder joint. Due to its shape, the socket of the scapula fits tightly around the convex head of the humerus, providing mobility and stability to the shoulder joint. The pear-shaped shape of this socket increases the contact surface of the articular surfaces, distributing the load over a larger area and preventing excessive wear of the cartilage in this joint.

The Glenoid cavity is a depression in the medial corner of the scapula that resembles a small pit in appearance. It is necessary so that the head of the humerus can enter it and form a joint between the scapula and the humerus.

The glenoid fossa is another depression located on the lateral side of the scapula. It also resembles a small pit in shape and serves the same purpose - to form a joint between the shoulder blade and the humerus.