Siamese Twins, Conjoined Twins

Twin connections can be different: monozygotic and dizygotic. Monozygotic (Conjoined) twins are formed as a result of the division of one zygote into two parts. In this case, they have identical genes and develop as one. Such twins usually share common organs and blood vessels.

Siamese twins are monozygotic twins who are physically conjoined from birth. They share the same skin and blood supply, making them very similar to each other. Siamese twins can be separated surgically, but this is very risky and life-threatening for both twins.

There is also another type of twins - conjoined twins. They are also monozygotic twins, but their bodies are not conjoined. Instead, they share a common head or torso. Conjoined twins can live together, but they are not one.

In both cases, the twins are conjoined due to genetic disorders or other factors such as multiple pregnancies. These types of twins may have various medical problems such as congenital abnormalities, metabolic disorders and other diseases.

It is important to note that conjoined and conjoined twins are rare and occur in only one in a million births.

Siamese Twins / Siamese Birth

Conjoined twins are rare bigger twins with two new cycles of ectoderm division before their common body. They share a common metabolic fluid (blood), but each of them has its own respiratory and circulatory systems, as well as a separate gastrointestinal tract. The blood vessels of each twin pass through all the internal organs of the other half of the body, and the two hearts are connected by a common ventricle. The first complete isolated case of Siamese twins was described by Eugene Boillot in 1845

Siamese twins are a monozygotic type of twins in which they are physically formed on all parts of their body, including the navel. And siblings who are born as one person have only one primary heart, two lungs, or only one kidney. By separating twins through surgery, the two individuals can continue to live together and form one biological entity, each with its own separate consciousness.

Conjoined Twins basically have a congenital anomaly - the fusion of external organs. The umbilical cord, which feeds babies, remains fully connected from the moment they are born, oxygen is transmitted through its fibers, and waste products are carried away from the organs outward from a common opening that connects in front and behind, at the base of the spine. If the union occurs only in the abdominal area, then an umbilical-pubic/umbilical-pre-umbilical Siamese Twin is formed. Monozygotic fusion affects tissue growth, therefore, information exchange between different parts of the body also occurs. In children born with a related hominin, the body parts remain close together, and the skin, if cut, immediately begins to grow back together, like the shell of an egg. This type of conjoined twins can affect health because the connections between the organs do not allow them to function fully. Unlike other monozygotic twins, bigluanic twins suffer from slower growth/severe prematurity. Problems with arterial blood supply, gas exchange and metabolism lead to developmental delays or even death.

Based on the description, we can only say that the physical development of children occurs in a special way. To enable them to function as normal

Siamese Twins and Gemini Conjoined Twins are brother and sister, conjoined and conjoined twins are identical monozygotic twins. Normal conjoined twins are born from the same egg and therefore present a single embryo at the beginning of pregnancy. Their cells are identical, and both cells form “individual” twins. Conjoined twins are connected in whole or in part by a vessel from a connecting artery or ligament of nerves. As a result, they live as one organism and have common vital functions. This may be the result of an abnormal connection between one or both placentas and the circulation. Conjoined twins do not have two individual organisms, but the two halves are connected like the liver and lungs.

* How are Gemini formed? Twins are born from the development of a single placenta, like a single fetus connected to a single blood vessel. The connecting vessel is called the common umbilical cord. Typically, they cannot develop into conjoined twins even if they have a separate placenta after the egg is fertilized, so the likelihood of having a conjoined twin (one embryo) is extremely high. All embryos that exhibit fusion at the umbilical arteries are called allantoic twins; Gemini Conjuncts are born together at birth (at the same time)