Glomus tumor

Glomus tumor: causes, symptoms and treatment

Glomus tumor, also known as glomangioma or glomic tumor, is a rare type of tumor that grows from the glomus, a specialized tissue formation that is involved in regulating blood flow and skin temperature. These tumors can occur in any part of the body, but are most common in the lower extremities, especially under the nails.

The causes of glomus tumors are not yet fully understood. However, they are known to occur in both humans and animals, and are most often diagnosed in people between 20 and 40 years of age. Some researchers believe that heredity may play a role in the occurrence of this type of tumor.

The main symptom of a glomus tumor is severe pain, which usually increases with pressure on the tumor, contact with cold, or ingestion of hot food or drinks. In some cases, there may be a change in the color of the nails or deformation of the nail plate.

Various methods are used to diagnose glomus tumor, including clinical examination, radiography, computed tomography

A glomus tumor, or glomous tumor (tumor glomosum), is a benign formation that arises from glomus cells (or glominal tissue). This tissue consists of endothelial cells, nerve fibers and connective tissue, and is responsible for regulating blood pressure in microvessels (capillaries). The formation of a glomus tumor occurs due to a mutation in the DNA of glomus cells, which leads to their uncontrolled growth and tumor formation.

Glomus tumors can be found in various locations of the body, including the larynx, thyroid gland, lungs, esophagus, perirenal areas, cranial nerves, and meninges. The size and location of these tumors can range from minor lesions to large lesions that can block blood vessels and impede blood supply to tissues.

Treatment for glomus tumors usually involves surgical removal of the masses, and may sometimes also include radiation and chemotherapy to improve tumor control. In some cases, complications may arise in the form of disruption of blood supply to the affected areas of the body if the tumor is adjacent to a blood vessel near the brain or spinal cord.

One of the symptoms of glomus formations is glomus angioneuroma. This formation can occur on any part of the body, has a capsule resembling a glomus, pronounced subcutaneous tissue, and is well demarcated from the adjacent healthy tissue. Its size ranges from small tumors to a formation the size of a baby's head, its relief is uneven and protruding. The skin surrounding it is yellowish. The tumor is dense, painless, mobile.

Glomus tumor is one of the types of benign vascular neoplasms. All of them are characterized by active growth over several months and even years, and then slowly grow to their maximum severity, after which the patient’s condition stabilizes. This disease is relatively rare and is asymptomatic for quite a long time.

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