Granulocytopenia

Granulocytopenia is a decrease in the level of granulocytes, which are a type of white blood cell. Granulocytes play an important role in protecting the body from infections and other diseases.

The causes of granulocytopenia can be different. For example, it may be due to an infection, an autoimmune disease, or certain medications. Granulocytopenia can also be caused by certain blood diseases, such as myelodysplasia or myelofibrosis.

If granulocyte levels drop below normal, this can lead to various complications, such as the risk of infections, anemia and thrombocytopenia. Therefore, it is important to monitor granulocyte levels and take measures to restore them if necessary.

Granulocytopenia: Definition, causes and treatment

Granulocytopenia, also known as granulocytopenic neutropenia, is a condition characterized by decreased levels of granulocytes in the blood. Granulocytes are a type of white blood cell known as leukocytes and play an important role in the body's fight against infections. Disruption of their normal levels can have serious consequences for the immune system and may lead to an increased risk of developing infections.

One form of granulocytopenia is neutropenia, in which there is a decrease in the number of neutrophils - the most common type of granulocytes. Neutrophils play an important role in protecting the body from bacteria, fungi and other infectious agents. When their number decreases, the body becomes more vulnerable to infectious agents.

The causes of granulocytopenia can be different. One of the most common causes is drug toxicity, where certain drugs can suppress the formation of granulocytes in the bone marrow or cause their premature death. Some examples of such medications include chemotherapy drugs, some antibiotics, and antirheumatic drugs.

In addition, granulocytopenia can be caused by hereditary disorders in which the normal function of the genes responsible for the formation and maturation of granulocytes is disrupted. Some diseases, such as aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome, can also lead to the development of granulocytopenia.

The diagnosis of granulocytopenia is usually made based on a blood test and granulocyte count. Treatment depends on the cause of the condition and may include stopping medications that may cause granulocytopenia, as well as using granulocyte stimulants to stimulate the formation of new granulocytes in the bone marrow.

Patients with granulocytopenia are advised to take special care to reduce the risk of infections. This may include avoiding contact with sick people, regular hand washing, adherence to hygiene measures, and the use of prophylactic antibiotics in some cases.

In conclusion, granulocytopenia is a serious condition characterized by a decrease in the number of granulocytes in the blood. It can be caused by a variety of causes, including drug toxicity and hereditary disorders. Diagnosis is based on a blood test, and treatment depends on the cause and may include stopping certain medications and using granulocyte stimulants. Patients are advised to take precautions to reduce the risk of infections.

**Granulocytopenia** is a condition characterized by a decrease in the level of various forms of white blood cells, mainly neutrophils and monocytes [1,2]. For example, in primary immunodeficiency, a decrease in neutrophils is most often observed due to T-cell deficiency, or due to their hypersensitivity to filtering agents, and in advanced lymphoma, T-lymphocyte deficiency is characteristic. In addition, cell deficiency also occurs with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and erythropoietin deficiency.

Some causes of cell deficiency [3,4]: • Taking medications: antibiotics, antifungals, antidiabetic drugs, oral contraceptives; • Radiation therapy: especially for hematopoietic organs (including myelography, contrast enhancement through the esophagus and stomach during barium procedures); to remove tumors of the thymus or lymph nodes; in the treatment of lymphomas; • Chemotherapy: radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosing leukemia; local irradiation of organs; cobalt salts,