Gritty-Stokes Operation

Gritty Stokes surgery is a surgical procedure that is used to treat stomach cancer. It was developed by Italian surgeon Riccardo Gritti and Irish surgeon William Stokes in the early 20th century.

Gritty and Stokes discovered that stomach cancer can be removed through an incision in the abdominal wall called a laparotomy. They have also developed a method that allows the tumor to be removed along with surrounding tissue without damaging neighboring organs.

The Gritty–Stokes operation includes several stages:

1. Laparotomy - an incision is made in the abdominal wall to access the tumor and surrounding tissues.
2. Tumor removal – the tumor is removed along with surrounding tissue.
3. Elimination of metastases - if the tumor has spread to other organs, the metastases are also removed.
4. Wound closure – after removal of the tumor and metastases, the wound is closed with sutures.

This surgery was very successful in treating stomach cancer at the time it was first developed. However, over time, more effective treatments for stomach cancer, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, have been developed.

Nowadays the Gritty-Stokes operation is rarely used due to its high morbidity and low effectiveness. However, in some cases, it may be the only treatment option for stomach cancer in patients who cannot tolerate other treatments.

Gritty-Stokes surgery, also known as reconstructive (reparative, restorative) cholecystectomy, is a surgical procedure aimed at restoring the gallbladder after surgical treatment of diseases. And also relatively recently, it began to be used for the treatment of already developed forms of the disease (acute liver failure, hepatic encephalopathy. Primary diagnosis of acute cholangitis is difficult, so the time from the first to a verified diagnosis can last several months. The main clinical manifestation of acute pancreatitis includes the Mayo triads)

The operation is one of the radical methods of restoring the structure of organs affected by various diseases. The purpose of this operation is to prevent the consequences of previously performed manipulations associated with examination or treatment for other diseases in the gastrointestinal tract. When properly organized, such intraoperative tactics can effectively compensate for the loss of organ functions during previous interventions.