Histology

Histology (from ancient Greek ἱστός - tissue and -λογία - science, study) is a branch of biology, the science of the tissues of living organisms.

Histology studies the structure, chemical composition and functions of tissues at the micro- and ultramicroscopic level. The main research method in histology is microscopy of thin sections of tissue stained with special dyes. This makes it possible to reveal details of the structure of cells and the extracellular matrix that are invisible when studying unstained preparations.

Histology is closely related to cytology, which studies individual cells, and histochemistry, which studies the chemical composition of tissues. Histology data are widely used in medicine to diagnose diseases, in biology to understand the vital processes of organisms, in veterinary medicine, agriculture and other fields.

Histology is the study of the structure of human tissue, studied using microscopy. It studies how different tissues and organs function in the body and how they interact with each other.

Histology is used to diagnose many diseases such as cancer, diabetes, heart disease and others. It is also used to study the development and growth of an organism.

One method for studying tissue is light microscopy. This method allows you to see tissues under a microscope and study their structure. However, this method does not always allow you to see fine tissue details.

Electron microscopy is a more precise method of studying tissue that allows you to see the smallest details. It is used to study cells, organelles, and other structures in tissues.

Thus, histology plays an important role in medicine and biology, allowing scientists to study the structure of human tissues and organs and find ways to treat various diseases.

Histological microscopy is one of the most promising methods for diagnosing pathological processes, used in modern medical technologies. This technique has both advantages and disadvantages. For a long time this method was considered expensive and slow, but now this problem has been solved. The purpose of this work is to study the main issues of microscopy histology and its clinical significance.

Histology is the study of the structure and function of tissues using microscopic and other cytological research methods. Based on histological examination, a morphological diagnosis is made, the prognosis of the disease is determined and treatment is prescribed. Using the histological method in veterinary medicine, the nature and course of the tumor are revealed, which increases the chance of timely qualified treatment and reduces the risk of the disease. Histological examination allows not only to detect the tissue of the organ under study, but also to establish the boundaries of the tumor lesion, the degree of differentiation of malignant tissue, and the invasion (spread) of affected cells into the surrounding normal tissues. After a fragment of tumor tissue is delivered to the laboratory and fixed with formalin, they begin to stain the material (organ tissues) - paraffin or frozen sections with conventional, specialized dyes (hematoxylin and eosin, Romanovsky, Shik-Panin). Microscopy uses light or electron microscopes. The main advantage of light microscopy is the ability to visually assess various tissue structures (nucleus, cytoplasm, vacuoles, phagocytosis, antigen, secretion) found in normal