Hypercalcemia (Hypercalcaemid)

Hypercalcaemia is a condition in which the level of calcium in the blood is abnormally high. Calcium is an essential mineral that plays a role in many body functions, including muscle contraction, maintaining healthy bones and teeth, and normal functioning of the nervous and cardiovascular systems.

However, with excess calcium in the blood, the body can face a number of problems. Hypercalcemia can be caused by a variety of causes, including excess vitamin D intake, thyroid disease, tumors, and certain medications.

Symptoms of hypercalcemia can vary depending on the level of calcium in the blood and the cause of it. In some cases, hypercalcemia may not show any symptoms, while in other cases, it can cause extreme thirst, frequent urination, nausea, vomiting, constipation, muscle weakness, fatigue, depression, bone and joint pain, and problems with the cardiovascular system.

Idiopathic hypercalcaemia is a rare hereditary disease that usually appears in early childhood. It can cause mental retardation and heart defects in the patient.

Diagnosis of hypercalcemia includes blood tests for calcium levels and other relevant indicators, as well as additional tests such as x-rays, ultrasounds and biopsies.

Treatment for hypercalcemia depends directly on its cause. In some cases, changing your diet and reducing your vitamin D intake may help lower your blood calcium levels. In other cases, drug therapy and, in more severe cases, surgery may be required.

Overall, hypercalcemia is a serious condition that can lead to a number of complications if not promptly diagnosed and treated. Therefore, if suspicious symptoms appear, you must consult a doctor for diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Hypercalcemia Abnormally **high calcium** in the blood, or Hypercalcemia, is one of the most common endocrine diseases. Its frequency is second only to hypoparathyroidism; there is no primary prevention. If cases of hypercalciuria are detected, it is **recommended** to immediately discontinue supplemental intake of vitamin D and its derivatives in all patients with an established diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome and type 2 ovarian cancer. Patients with primary hyperparathyroid osteodystrophy with an identified mutation leading to NEXUS

Hypercalcemia

Hypercalcemia refers to elevated serum calcium concentrations. This mineral is involved in many processes associated with human life. In addition, it has a huge impact on the health of various organs. Monitoring the level of this substance helps to promptly detect the onset of the development of certain diseases associated with calcium metabolism disorders.

In the body, approximately 99% of the elements are Ca2+, and only less of the other minerals are in solution. The element plays an important role in the formation of bones, blood proteins, the coagulation process and other important biochemical reactions of the human body. Serum calcium levels are directly affected by processes occurring in the body.

Hypercalcemia (in other words, hypervitaminosis D) is an increased level of calcium or its salts in human blood. The norm is 2 mmol/l, and hypercalcemia is 5 times higher than this value. As hypercalcemia develops, the phosphorus content in the blood may also increase.

Hypercalcemia in adults is provoked by a combination of several factors: 1. prolonged or excessive consumption of vitamin D; 2. disruption of the structure of its target organs (kidneys, bones, muscles); 3. damage to osteocytes, which led to disruption of calcium metabolism in the bone; 4. increased production of parathyroid hormone; 5. consequences of some serious diseases - for example, hepatitis and tuberculosis.

Symptoms of hypercalcium deficiency. First of all, there is a strong leaching of calcium from bone tissue. In its place comes an equally powerful toxin – a nitrogen-containing substance. With a high degree of probability this will lead to disastrous consequences. Also, important microelements begin to leave the diet. As the condition worsens, a person may experience the following symptoms:

- Increased blood pressure, headache and fainting; - Drying of the skin, appearance of smudges, vellus

Hypercalcemia is an excess of Ca2+ in the blood serum or calcium in the urine. This condition most often occurs due to the formation of calcium-panangumarin complexes, which are deposited in many tissues of the human body.

Such complexes, usually accounting for about 1% of all whey proteins, are secreted by the liver and release free calcium ions into the blood. The latter are deposited primarily in the kidneys, but often circulate in the blood, blocking tubular secretion, limiting the reabsorption of insoluble substances and creating osmotic diuresis, as, for example, in CGP.

Idiopathic hypercalcemia ranks second after renal hypercalcemia, while primary hypercalcemia syndrome accounts for rare cases. Calcification of internal organs is considered a sign in the presence of this syndrome.

Hyperparathyroidism, calcium metahallin,