Immunosuppressant, Immunosuppressive

Immunosuppressants or immunosuppressants are medications that reduce the body's resistance to infections and other foreign organisms by suppressing the action of the immune system. Immunosuppressants include drugs such as azathioprine, cyclophosphamide and others. They are used for better engraftment of transplanted organs or tissue grafts, as well as for the treatment of various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis.

One of the most commonly used immunosuppressants after organ transplantation is cyclosporine A. It suppresses the immune system, preventing rejection of the transplanted organ.

However, the use of immunosuppressants also has negative consequences. Due to decreased immunity in patients, the risk of developing various infectious diseases and certain types of malignant tumors increases. Therefore, when prescribing immunosuppressants, doctors carefully weigh the balance of benefits and risks for each individual patient.

An immunosuppressant is a drug (such as azathioprine or cyclophosphamide) that reduces the body's resistance to infections and other foreign organisms by suppressing the immune system. These medications are used to improve the survival of transplanted organs or tissue grafts, as well as to treat various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis.

For example, cyclosporine A is an immunosuppressant that is commonly used after organ transplantation. Due to decreased immunity while taking these medications, a person's risk of developing various infectious diseases and some types of malignant tumors increases.

So Immunosuppressive (IP), Immunosuppressors (IS) are a group of drugs that affect the immune system. In other words, these are certain medications, when used, there is a high risk of various types of infections. Let's look at a few of these medications below. Let us first characterize such a drug as Azathioprine (Imumosupressor, immunosuppressive agent). These drugs are mainly immunosuppressants. These are chemotherapy drugs used to suppress the body's immune system. They are used for diseases associated with an excessive immune reaction of the body, such as lichen planus, a number of autoimmune disorders, arthritis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and others. Medicines in this group can cause side effects such as dry skin, hair loss, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle weakness, bleeding, anemia Cyclophosphamide (INN Cytoxan; CIPHER, C-Phos) is a cyclopoxane nitrogen-containing cytostatic drug with antimetabolic (antifolate), immunosuppressive, antitumor, antihyperproliferative effects. It is a synthetic derivative of dihydroxycyclopentadienejamine. Reduces the formation of DNA and RNA and causes oligostropenia and bone marrow hypoplasia (inhibits the growth of granulocytes and megakaryocytes). The second drug that is directly related to immunosuppression is Cisplatin (Cisplatinum; cisplatin is an organic compound, an inorganic drug of the alkyl-anthrone-metaplatinum series) refers to cytostatic anticancer drugs. Has antitumor activity; similar to cis-platinum, it blocks the mitotic activity of tumor cells. As a rule, Cisplatin is first used in the initial stages of the disease together with other drugs to prevent complications. The drug can also be injected directly into the tumor—metastatic tumors are predominantly treated this way. The dosage regimen is selected individually, depending on the disease, the patient’s age and other factors. While taking the drug, serious complications may develop in the nervous system, gastrointestinal tract and blood - primarily due to inhibition of hematopoiesis. Cisplatin is contraindicated in patients with severe myelosuppression, individual intolerance to the drug, pregnancy/lactation. A contraindication for prescribing the drug may be renal failure when the glomerular filtration rate is less than 50 ml per minute, and in patients receiving concomitant therapy, the administration regimen or dose of drugs must be changed; the presence of central nervous system (CNS) decompensated conditions, with epileptic seizures and individual intolerance intolerance