Ionic Excitation Theories

Ionic excitation theories are a group of theories based on the assumption that the cause of excitation in a cell is a change in the concentration of ions both inside and outside the cell. These theories arose from the study of electrical phenomena in living cells and tissues.

One of the most famous ion excitation theories is the Hodgkin-Huxley theory (1952). She states that excitation occurs due to changes in the concentration of Na+ and K+ ions inside and outside the cell, respectively. When the concentration of Na+ ions increases, they penetrate the membrane into the cell, causing membrane depolarization and excitation. Then, when the concentration of K+ ions decreases, they leave the cell, restoring the membrane potential.

Another ion excitation theory is Starling's theory (1898). According to this theory, excitation occurs due to an increase in the concentration of Ca2+ ions inside the cell, which bind to receptors on the cell membrane. This causes depolarization and excitation.

Both of these theories have their advantages and disadvantages. The Hodgkin-Huxley theory explains the depolarizing excitation mechanism well, but does not take into account the role of other ions such as Cl-. Starling's theory describes well the role of Ca2+ in excitation, but does not explain depolarization.

In general, ion excitation theories are an important tool for understanding electrophysiological processes in living tissues and cells. They help explain many phenomena in biophysics and molecular biology.

Ionic excitation theories are an important element of modern physics and biophysics. They explain how cell membranes are excited and electrical impulses are transmitted, which then influence cells in the body. In this article we will look at what ion theories are and why they are so important for understanding the functioning of living organisms.

*Ionic theories.*

The ion theory of excitation explains how excitation occurs inside a cell due to changes in the concentration of positively charged ions inside the cell and negatively charged ones outside it. When the concentration of these ions changes, it causes changes in electrical potentials at the cell membrane, which can lead to excitation. So