Jaundice of the Newborn

Neonatal jaundice (icterus neonatorum) is a fairly common disease in infants, which is manifested by yellowness of the skin and whites of the eyes. Jaundice occurs due to increased levels of bilirubin in the blood, which is formed when red blood cells break down.

In newborns, especially those who were born prematurely or have other medical problems, the liver may not have time to process bilirubin. This can lead to the accumulation of bilirubin in the blood, which causes a jaundiced discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes.

Neonatal jaundice usually appears in the first few days after birth and can last from a few days to several weeks. In most cases, newborn jaundice is not dangerous and goes away on its own. However, if an infant's bilirubin levels are too high, it can lead to serious complications such as kernicterus, which can lead to mental retardation and damage to the nervous system.

Blood tests are performed to determine the newborn's bilirubin level. If bilirubin levels are too high, treatment may include phototherapy, in which the baby is placed under a lamp that emits a special light that helps break down the bilirubin. In more serious cases, exchange transfusion may be required.

Health care providers usually monitor bilirubin levels in newborns, especially those who were born prematurely or have other medical problems. If your baby shows signs of jaundice, you should see a doctor immediately for diagnosis and treatment.

In conclusion, neonatal jaundice is a fairly common condition, but in most cases it is not dangerous and goes away on its own. However, if the bilirubin level is too high, it can lead to serious complications. Therefore, it is important to monitor bilirubin levels in newborns, especially those who were born prematurely or have other medical problems, and contact a doctor if signs of jaundice appear.