Fracture

A fracture is a disruption of the anatomical integrity of a bone, which usually occurs as a result of trauma. It can occur in any part of the skeleton, but the most common fractures occur in the bones of the limbs, spine, ribs and skull. When a fracture occurs, a hematoma forms, and with an open fracture, blood flows into the wound, which can lead to rapid infection.

Multiple fractures, when multiple bones are damaged in one person, may cause shock. Symptoms of a fracture include pain, deformity, and loss of limb function. In non-displaced fractures, the clinical course is similar to a bruise, and the nature of the accompanying injuries depends on the location of the fracture.

Life-threatening fractures of the bones of the vault and base of the skull, fractures of the cervical vertebrae with damage to the spinal cord, multiple fractures of the ribs and pelvis. With open fractures, wound suppuration and osteomyelitis often occur. An unfavorable course of a fracture can lead to nonunion, pseudarthrosis, contractures and other complications.

The diagnosis of a fracture is made based on characteristic symptoms and x-ray examination. Treatment of fractures is always urgent. For open fractures, antitetanus serum and toxoid are administered. Patients with fractures of the head, torso, large bones of the limb and all open fractures are subject to emergency hospitalization and inpatient treatment.

First aid at the prehospital stage includes transport immobilization, application of an aseptic dressing to the wound and stopping bleeding. In most cases, victims are transported lying on a backboard, shock is prevented, and after therapeutic immobilization is stopped, therapeutic exercises, massage, physiotherapy and sanatorium treatment are prescribed.

The average time for healing of even fractures of the same type has a wide range and depends on the somatic characteristics of the victim, the method of treatment of the fracture and the nature of the resulting complications of a general and local nature. General complications more often occur with severe multiple or combined injuries, with open fractures of large bones and in elderly and senile victims. Local complications may include wound suppuration, osteomyelitis and other complications.

In conclusion, fractures represent a serious injury that can have variable progression and complications. Correct diagnosis and timely treatment are key factors in restoring the health of the victim. Therefore, if you suspect a fracture, you should seek medical help as soon as possible. In addition, injury prevention, including practicing safety precautions during sports and daily life, is an important aspect in preventing fractures.

A fracture is damage to bone or articular cartilage that can occur as a result of injury or disease. Fractures can be caused by various reasons, such as a fall, blow, compression, etc. They can lead to serious consequences, including severe pain, swelling, limited movement, and even the risk of infection.

Fractures are divided into open and closed. An open fracture is when the skin or muscle is broken and the bone is on the outside. A closed fracture is when the bone is damaged from the inside but the skin is intact.

Treatment for a fracture depends on the type and severity of the injury. In most cases, the injured limb is immobilized using a plaster cast or splint. If the fracture is open, you will first need to clean the wound and then apply stitches or use a special material to close the wound. Surgery may be used to fix the bone.

After treatment of the fracture, rehabilitation is necessary. It includes physical therapy, massage, muscle building exercises and other activities. It is also important to monitor your diet and lifestyle to avoid recurrent bone damage.