Clone

1. A group of cells (usually bacterial) that are derived from a single cell by asexual reproduction and are therefore genetically identical to each other and the parent cell.

2. (Gene clone) is a group of identical genes that can be obtained by genetic engineering. The parent gene is isolated using restriction enzymes and introduced through a cloning vector (for example, a bacteriophage) into the bacterium in which it is copied. See also Carrier.

3. Form a clone. That is, to create a genetically identical copy of an organism by transferring the nucleus of its cell into an egg with the nucleus removed.

Thus, a clone is a genetically identical group of cells or organisms derived from the same parent cell or organism. Cloning is widely used in genetic engineering and biotechnology to obtain large numbers of copies of a desired gene or an entire organism.

**A clone** is a group of genetically identical cells descended from the same parent (ancestors or common “parents”). Genesis is a consequence of mitosis (division of the mother cell). The recessiveness of the gene that determines the clone is often seen as a limit to the development of intravellicular hereditary groups

Clones are groups of genetically identical cells or organisms that are derived from a single parent cell or organism through asexual division. Clones have the same genetic information and produce products with the same phenotypic characteristics. They can be used in a variety of fields, including science, medicine, manufacturing and agriculture, and their use can have both positive and negative effects.

A group of cells, often of bacterial origin, can be described as a clone if they are descended from a common ancestor through asexual reproduction and have genetic similarities to that ancestor. Asexual reproduction is the process in which an organism or cell divides into two or more offspring using their own copies of DNA without the participation of sex cells. Such reproduction can produce identical generations and, accordingly, clones. Genetic identity is an important feature for defining a clone, since cloning can be caused by shared maternal genetic mechanisms.

A more complex and specialized process for creating a clone is gene cloning, which is achieved by isolating a parent gene (also known as an allele) using a restriction enzyme and inserting it into another organism using a vector. This process has the potential to create unique genetic copies of organisms, called recombinant clones. In most cases, clones are created from bacterial systems, but in theory they can also be created from any organism that contains a complete genome, be it plant, animal or even eukaryotic cells.

Clones can be created experimentally to study patterns of genetic changes, as well as to identify diseases caused by mutations in certain genes. There is also evidence that clones can benefit the agricultural industry by enabling more efficient and cheaper production of food and feed. Finally, establishing clonal cultures

A group of cells that is derived from one or more closely related cells by asexual or highly sexually limited reproduction, usually bacteria or plants. These cells are genetically identical in their inherited characteristics, so the clones as a group of cells undergo meiosis, which makes them extremely uniform. If for the genetic material of one ancestor, copies are made from it, then we are talking about xanthotypic, multiclonal or gene (sporamatic) clones. Similar terms are used when talking about the initiation of replication of DNA genes and other basic elements during the process of transcription. Clones are a group of organisms of the same heredity and descending from the same related species, resulting from asexual and sexual methods of reproduction of organisms. Clones are found in many species of animals (humans, cows, calves, sheep, dogs) and plants (conifers, evergreens). Some animal species are capable of replacing all individuals in a population with almost identical organisms. This is how zebrafish, jellyfish, etc. reproduce. In this case, the characteristics of the offspring will be the same. People's brothers and sisters are similar. All these cases indicate identical characteristics that are inherited (autosomal dominant type of gene manifestation). They also have the same genotype. An example of a clone is a population of Laminaria nodosum or Sweet clover. Individuals of these populations are united by high vegetative capacity and homeostasis (stability of manifestations of vital functions).

Clones (from Latin clōnus - “spit”, “offspring, clone” and other Greek λόγος - knowledge, word, teaching) are a group of cells or organisms that arose from the same ancestral cells through asexual reproduction. In general, it is a concept that includes any form of hereditary identity between organisms, especially within a species. The concept of cloning was developed in the culture of bacteria and organs. Cells of the same culture produce genetically identical offspring when they reproduce without sexual intercourse or division. The term is used to describe the process of regenerating a whole or part of an organism or fetal tissue that is derived from multiple embryos. Growing leather and tissue is based on the clone principle. Clinical uses of the concept of clone include skin grafting, tissue repair in trauma and burns, acceleration of wound healing, and treatment of obesity in children. As for strictly genetic clones created by traditional cell technologies, despite significant advances, research in this area cannot yet be considered as industrial technology.

The introduction of a clone into culture can be used to study its biological properties, produce cells for subsequent drug production, or xenotransplantation. The use of the term “cloning” covers DNA copying mechanisms aimed at creating new genetically similar copies of a cell. Cloning is best known in the context of scientific research, as it has proven to be a useful tool for creating plants and animals with specific characteristics. It can be used for agricultural and medicinal purposes, which is more common than advanced research. For the study of evolution and evolutionary theory, reproduction of maternal model organisms is often used to model the workings of mechanisms present in neoplastic cells.