Muscle Pterygoid External

Muscles of the human head and neck

The external pterygoid muscle (other names: pterygoid, glossolabellar) is the largest of the paired muscles of the oral cavity. It has a triangular shape. One of the most powerful in the head area. A significant part of the facial part of the skull. Innervated by a branch of the superior cervical ganglion.

It is located in the depths of the temporopterygoid fossa. It is adjacent to the medial pterygoid muscles. Sternocleidomastoid lateralis muscle. Maxillohyoid. Muscle-lingual and its false maxilla.

The external pterygoid muscle functions in conjunction with other muscles that are part of the complex responsible for the activity of the lower jaw.

Anatomically divided into:

The pterygoid itself. The visceral membrane of the oral cavity. The esophageal part of the larynx. The anterolateral portion of the septum that separates the nasal portion of the nose. The pear-shaped cord coming from it is the main location and attachment. In this zone, the muscle tissue is connected to the mass of the skull bones through three foramina: vertebral, occipital and oval. The connection is made through the basisphenoid and the posterior carotid fascia. The muscular core forms the superior horn of the paranasal sinus. The interpterygoid sheath muscle is responsible for the functioning of the gland itself as a whole. As an independent structure, the muscular membrane acts as a lift for the vomer from the posterior segment of the nose. Through the holes in the ethmoidal and medial plate of the pterygoid process, it controls the range of movements directly in the mouth and nasopharynx.

The pterygoid-external muscle (lat. Musculus pectoralis externus, according to Cohn) is a paired bone located at the base of the lower jaw, outside the pterygopalate. Connects the pterygoid fossa and the maxillary cavity. The auricles are clearly visible in the skeleton of the pterygoid bone. The condyles are located at the end of the lower jaw and connect it to the cheekbone. A branch from the shoulder passes through the cheekbone (brachial branch). Body shape cheek.

This section helps our body maintain a symmetrical body position, expands the oral cavity, opens the oral fissure, and lowers the lower jaw. This small bone is one of those that belong to the group of large bones, which means it takes an active part in sound formation. If we talk about the outer pterygoid bone in the human body, then it is worth considering that it is an integral part of the zygomatic arch and is included with it in the temporomandibular joint system.