Nerve Axillary

Axillary nerve: anatomy, functions and pathologies

The axillary nerve (n. axillaris) is one of the important nerve structures of the human upper limb. It is a branch of the brachial plexus (plexus brachialis) and provides innervation to a significant part of the shoulder girdle and the upper part of the shoulder.

The anatomy of the axillary nerve includes its course and branching. The nerve begins from the brachial plexus, located between the anterior and posterior intercostal muscles. It then runs along the lower part of the armpit, penetrates deep into the deltoid muscle, and then divides into several branches that innervate various muscles and areas of the shoulder girdle.

The functions of the axillary nerve include motor and sensory innervation. It transmits nerve impulses to the muscles that control movement of the shoulder and shoulder girdle, such as the deltoid, brachialis, and axillary muscles. In addition, the axillary nerve is also responsible for sensation in certain areas of the shoulder, such as the skin of the armpit.

Pathologies associated with the axillary nerve can cause various symptoms and restrictions in the movement of the upper limb. One common pathology is axillary nerve syndrome, which is usually caused by injury or compression of the nerve. This can lead to shoulder muscle weakness, numbness or tingling in the underarm area, and decreased overall shoulder function.

Treatment of axillary nerve pathologies may include conservative methods such as physical therapy and the use of anti-inflammatory drugs. In some cases, surgery may be required to relieve compression or repair damaged structures.

In conclusion, the axillary nerve plays an important role in innervation of the shoulder girdle and upper limb. Its functionality and health are significant for normal movement and sensation of the shoulder. If symptoms or pathologies occur in the area of ​​the axillary nerve, you should consult a medical specialist for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.