Neurons: Miracle Cells

Neurons, or nerve cells, are the basic building blocks of our nervous system. They form the brain and spinal cord and play an important role in transmitting information between nerve cells, allowing us to think, feel, move and respond to our environment.

The structure of a neuron includes a central body and branches, or roots, called dendrites. The number of dendrites for each neuron may be different. One of the neuron's extensions, called the axon, is the longest and thickest. The axon of a neuron serves to transmit information from the central body to other neurons or to muscles and glands.

Neurons interact with each other, forming complex networks that allow information to be transmitted over long distances. Each dendrite of a neuron is connected to a dendrite of another nerve cell or to the axon of a neuron located further away. These connections create extensive cellular branches that resemble a computer circuit, with neurons playing the role of chips or printed circuits.

In the brain, the cell bodies of neurons form the cortex, which is gray in color and called gray matter. The axons of neurons form white matter, which is located inside the brain. In the spinal cord, white matter is formed by the processes of neurons and is located on the outside of the brain.

Neurons are capable of adapting and changing their structure and functioning depending on the experience that a person receives. For example, when learning a new language, neurons associated with speech understanding begin to work more actively and create new connections, which allows you to better understand and speak that language.

In conclusion, neurons are amazing cells that have amazing properties of adaptation and variability. They are the basis of our nervous system and allow us to think, feel, move and interact with our environment.