Normocapnia

Normocapnia is a complex medical term that may seem confusing to the layperson. This condition occurs when gases in the respiratory tract escape without any obstruction or stress. Normocapnia is also called eikapnia, which is an abbreviation of the term air-kapiuk, which in turn consists of the word "air" (air) and the Greek word "kapnos" (cloud).

Normocapnia can be observed in healthy people or in patients who have suffered a history of trauma or respiratory disease. Some people are more prone to normocapnia because they have an airway structure that makes it easier for gases to pass through. Additionally, those who smoke or use tobacco, drugs, or alcohol may be at higher risk of experiencing normocapnia.

As already mentioned, normocapnia is also called eucapnia. But what is eucapnia? This is a condition in which the exhalation does not contain gases and is accompanied by significant tension in the trachea or bronchi, which is most often caused by pathological blockage of the airways. For example, patients with diaphragmatic paralysis, emphysema, or lung cancer are more likely to suffer from this condition.

Normocapnia, or eicapnia (normal capnea, from Latin capno - I breathe and other Greek αἴρω - I relate, I take) is a periodic cessation of respiratory movements, not accompanied by a cessation or significant weakening of arterial respiration. Normocapnic breathing is less deep than bradycarnic breathing; there is no swelling of the epigastrium or retraction of the supraclavicular areas. In the absence of coughing, drooling and regurgitation of blood with saliva, patients can continue talking, but on some topics the voice sounds a little muffled. The duration of apnea periods is 20-30 s, the maximum is 3 minutes. During apnea, heart rate during exhalation increases by 8-25 beats/min. The average heart rate per minute is 75-80 per minute. Cyanosis often intensifies, and compensatory shortness of breath occurs. A high-pitched sound is heard in the lungs, they swell rhythmically, the chest and abdomen remain without sudden respiratory movements (the pulsation of the abdominal wall is minimal). There is a weakening of the pulse in the main arteries (fingers, carotid arteries, even in the arteries of the face). Severe acrocyanosis often occurs. The gums and tongue become cyanotic, and