Base of Skull Internal

The internal base of the skull (basis cranii interna) is the area of ​​the skull that is located between the base of the skull and the body of the sphenoid bone. It consists of several bones and cartilage that form the basis for the attachment of muscles and nerves of the head. The internal base of the skull is of great importance for the normal functioning of the brain and the entire body as a whole.

At the inner base of the skull there are several important structures, such as:

– olfactory nerves, which transmit information about odors from the nose to the brain;
– sphenoparietal sinus, which is part of the venous system of the brain;
– the orbital surface of the sphenoid sinus, which provides space for the eye muscles and blood vessels;
– transverse and sagittal sinuses, which are part of the venous system of the brain and connect the meninges with the venous collectors of the neck and head.

The internal base of the skull also plays an important role in the formation of the face and skull. It forms the foundation for the jaws, nose and teeth, and protects the brain and nerves from external influences.

With injuries or diseases of the internal skull base, various problems may arise, such as impaired sense of smell, cerebral hemorrhages, headaches and other symptoms. Therefore, it is important to monitor the condition of this area and consult a doctor if you suspect a problem.

In clinical practice, pathological changes in the base of the skull are defined not only as “cranial hernia”, but are also called “base of the skull” or “internal base of the skull.”

The base of the skull is a collection of bones located at the junction of the skull and the spinal column (at the junction of the occipital and temporal bones). This location makes it the site of many important structures, and also includes the foramina: interpeteral (superior and inferior), oval and round. At the same time, these holes are also places where dysfunction occurs due to dislocation changes.

Of the 4 lateral masses protruding outward and anterior to the occiput, the base of the head is the middle mass, which contains all six cranial foramina (four large and two small lateral foramina).

In this anatomy article we will consider and dwell in more detail on the concept of the internal base of the skull

On the inner surface of the base of the skull there are a large number of formations that closely interact with each other, among them: - a large venous wing of the sphenoid bone, which diverges in front of the lateral masses of the skull into the lateral and medial spaces, forming a large spongy venous space, which continues medially into a large venous semi-ring , also adjacent to the greater venous wing;

- the body of the sphenoid bones, posteriorly and downward from which the optic canal and the optic pore pass with a chain of special condyles leaning against the wall of the large sphenoid sinus, to the opening of which the anterior part of the canal is directed;

the foot and internal plate (its posterior part) of the middle meningeal arch, the body, the stony internal part of the pyramids of the temporal bones, the posterior plate of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone.