Pericellular Fluid

Pericellular fluid

Pericellular fluid (liquor pericellularis) is the fluid that surrounds connective tissue cells. It is located in close proximity to the plasma membrane of the cell and fills the space between cells and the extracellular matrix.

Pericellular fluid plays an important role in ensuring normal cell functioning. It is involved in the transport of nutrients and metabolites across the plasma membrane. In addition, pericellular fluid facilitates the movement of cells in the intercellular space. It also contains ions and proteins that regulate osmotic pressure and viscosity around the cell.

Changes in the composition and volume of pericellular fluid can lead to disruption of normal cellular functions and the development of pathological processes. Therefore, maintaining pericellular fluid homeostasis is of great importance for the health of the body's connective tissue.

Pericellular is the intercellular substance of the connective tissue lining the inside of the cranial cavity - cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid (cerebrospinal fluid) flows around neurons and other cells of the brain and spinal cord, but is itself devoid of cellular structures. The liquid form of the intercellular substance is characteristic of some tissues and, thus, is to a certain extent universal. Almost all tissues of living organisms contain, albeit in small quantities, interstitial fluid that spreads freely due to tension - the so-called “spontaneous standing of a colloidal solution.” These properties of the interstitial fluid, imparted to tissues by glycolytic enzymes such as phosphorylase and lactate dehydrogenase, are associated with maintaining the optimal mineral composition of the protoplasm at the cellular level. As intracellular reserves are depleted, these enzymes move into the extracellular environment, thereby creating new volumes of the colloidal matrix. An example of how intercellular fluid can move is the movement of lymph containing the same proteolytic enzymes that we see in many situations of inflammatory response and cartilage tissue repair. Extracellular products from all tissue types, including neuromuscular tissue and hemolymph, can become part of the intercellular fluid. Thus, the intercellular matrix for all plant or animal cells is represented, firstly, by solutes (glycosoamino acids, organic acids and metals) and, secondly, by constantly produced components of colloids - products of proteolysis (mainly proteolytic enzymes).