Pernicious Anaemia

Pernicious Anaemia: causes, symptoms and treatment

Anemia Pernicious, or Pernicious anemia, is a type of anemia that occurs due to a deficiency of vitamin B12 in the body. This type of anemia may be due to insufficient production of a special substance in the stomach, known as intrinsic factor, which facilitates the absorption of vitamin B12 from the intestines, or to insufficient dietary intake of this vitamin.

With Pernicious Anemia, defective red blood cells are formed that cannot perform their functions effectively, which leads to the development of anemia. In addition, megaloblasts can form in the bone marrow of patients with pernicious anemia, which also affects the process of blood formation. In severe forms of Pernicious Anemia, damage to the nervous system may occur, which manifests itself in the form of subacute combined type spinal cord degeneration.

Symptoms of Anemia Perniciousa can vary and include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, insomnia, decreased appetite, digestive problems, and numbness in the arms and legs. In addition, patients with pernicious anemia may experience increased irritability, apathy and depression.

Blood tests, including blood levels of vitamin B12 and a hemoglobin test, are commonly used to diagnose Pernicious Anemia. A bone marrow biopsy may also be performed to determine the presence of megaloblasts.

Treatment for Pernicious Anemia includes taking vitamin B12. In severe cases, patients may be prescribed vitamin B12 injections, which help quickly restore the level of this vitamin in the body. For mild forms of Pernicious Anemia, taking special medications orally may be sufficient. It is also important to pay attention to your diet and increase your intake of foods rich in vitamin B12, such as meat, fish, eggs and dairy products.

In conclusion, Pernicious Anemia is a serious condition that can lead to various complications if not treated promptly. At the first symptoms of the disease, you must consult a doctor for diagnosis and prescribing appropriate treatment.

Pernicious anemia, also known as megaloblastic anemia, is a type of anemia that occurs when there is a deficiency of vitamin B12 in the body. This deficiency may be due to insufficient production of a special substance in the stomach, called intrinsic factor, which facilitates the absorption of vitamin B12 from the intestines, or to insufficient dietary intake of this vitamin.

With pernicious anemia, the patient develops defective red blood cells that cannot perform their functions effectively, which leads to the development of anemia. In addition, the bone marrow contains the presence of megaloblasts - red blood cells that are unable to develop normally.

In severe anemia of the pernicious form, damage to the nervous system is observed, which can manifest itself in the form of subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord. This condition can lead to problems with coordination of movements, paralysis and other serious consequences.

To treat pernicious anemia, the patient is prescribed injections of vitamin B12. This can be done at the doctor's office or at home,

Introduction: Pernicious anemia, also known as Addison-Birmer disease, is a type of anemia that results in a deficiency of vitamin B12, which is necessary for the formation of red blood cells. This condition is caused either by insufficient production of a special substance in the stomach that helps the body absorb vitamin B12 (intrinsic factor), or by insufficient intake of vitamins from food. The main symptoms of pernicious anemia are defective red blood cells and the presence of large numbers of megaloblastic cells in the bones. Treatment may include vitamin B12 injections to restore red blood cells and normalize the patient's muscle and nervous system function.

Etiology: The main cause of anemia is a deficiency in the body of vitamin B12 or internal factor, which is involved in the absorption of vitamin B12 through the stomach. Vitamin B12 plays an important role in maintaining healthy blood formation in the body through the creation and assembly of molecules involved in the synthesis of DNA and RNA. If there is sufficient food intake and there is no deficiency of internal factor, problems do not arise. However, if the production of intrinsic factor in the stomach is impaired or its intake is insufficient, the body cannot break down B12 properly to meet its needs. As a result, a person may experience symptoms of anemia.

Intrinsic factor deficiency can lead to macrocytic anemia: the size or diameter of the red blood cells increases, they become reddish in color and contain a lot of hemoglobin, the hemoglobin concentrates inside the cells and stretches the walls around each other to maintain size. Red blood cells can also bind together in chains, which increases their number in the blood and gives them a bluish tint. Due to the increased size and presence of heme, the process of destruction of these red blood cells in the peripheral circulatory system takes longer, and therefore they are gradually replaced by fewer healthy red blood cells in all blood vessels. The accumulation of old and dead blood cells in the circulation causes a problem known as embryomegaly: an oversized spleen protrudes forward as an external organ, a large and enlarged stomach, and sometimes a large body size.

If there is a combined effect of extralentic-integral pathologies observed during postgastroresection, defective formation