Pneumonia is a disease characterized by an inflammatory process of lung tissue, accompanied by characteristic symptoms and local changes in the lungs. This is one of the most common respiratory diseases and serious complications among extensive infectious and inflammatory human diseases. Lung damage can be caused by various types of pathogens and concomitant diseases. Often, various infections affect the lungs against a background of weakened immunity, and also occur due to a decrease in the body’s resistance to other diseases (immunodeficiencies) or long-term therapy with antibacterial drugs. Sometimes Charcot pneumonia develops against the background of severe infections: for example, tuberculosis, syphilis or HIV.