Polysomy

Polysomy, also known as polysomia or polysomy, is a genetic phenomenon in which chromosomes duplicate in the cells of the body. This can be caused by various factors, including mutations in genes that control the process of cell division.

Polysomy can be either a normal part of the embryonic development process or a pathological condition that can lead to various diseases. For example, polysomy 21 (Down syndrome) is one of the most common forms of genetic disorders and can cause mental retardation, health problems and other problems.

Polysomy 22 may cause cry-the-cat syndrome, which is characterized by a high-pitched voice, speech impairment, and other neurological symptoms. Polysomy may also be associated with cancer, as some mutations that cause chromosome duplications can cause cells to grow uncontrollably.

To prevent polysomy, it is necessary to conduct genetic studies and screenings in the early stages of pregnancy, as well as monitor the health of people with genetic disorders.