Ribosome

Ribosome: structure and functions

A ribosome is a molecular structure that plays an important role in the process of protein synthesis. It consists of RNA and proteins and is found in the cytoplasm of the cell.

Ribosome structure

A ribosome is made up of two subunits, a small and a large subunit, which come together to form a functional ribosome during the process of protein synthesis. Each subunit contains RNA and proteins that bind together to form a complex structure.

The small ribosomal subunit consists of 21 different proteins and one RNA molecule. The large subunit contains 34 different proteins and three RNA molecules. The RNA in the ribosome plays a key role in the process of protein synthesis because it is the template from which a new protein chain is synthesized.

Functions of the ribosome

The ribosome performs a key function in the process of protein synthesis. It binds to RNA molecules, which contain information about the sequence of amino acids necessary for protein synthesis. The ribosome then reads this information and gradually synthesizes a protein chain using RNA as a template.

Ribosomes can also bind to other molecules, such as transfer RNAs and initiation factors, which help speed up the process of protein synthesis. In addition, ribosomes can bind to other molecules that are involved in the process of protein synthesis, such as methyl-tRNA.

Conclusion

The ribosome is a key molecular structure involved in the process of protein synthesis. It consists of two subunits, each containing RNA and proteins. The ribosome binds to RNA molecules, which contain amino acid sequence information, and gradually synthesizes a protein chain using the RNA as a template. Ribosomes can also bind to other molecules that are involved in protein synthesis, such as transfer RNAs and initiation factors.

Ribosomes are ribosides containing macromolecular cell enzymes responsible for the assembly of proteins from amino acids supplied to the ribosome by messenger RNA.

R. is synthesized on NUCLEAR RNA (m-RNA), after the removal of introns in this process, it maintains the encapsulation of tRNA in the cytoplasm of cells. Most of the mRNA is destined for ribosome assembly in meiosis. During this synthesis on the separated X chromosome, m-RNA communicates the constituent parts of r-RNA and a section of material from its 5' terminal region necessary for the removal of the intron. In eucaria, this part carries the genetic information necessary for the DNA to transcribe P-DNA, which is then sent to the region where chromosome separation has occurred. On one of the two m-RNA chains lies a pair of coordinated aminoacylase ribose sequences that begin at the beginning of each m-RNA chain. This allows for chemosensitive communication between the RNA and the ribosome. Several hundred nucleotides to the 5' end of this region are introns and differ from the corresponding mRNA bases. The end of the Introid base region closely coincides with the end of the 5'-terminal RNA repertoire element, together they are called the cranial frame (initiation codon). Unlike most regions on the ribose, these bases usually do not have a parallel mRNA sequence in the regions where introns are removed. When passing through the next section with clusters for replication, they turn into structures that connect the precursors together, and therefore become involved in the assembly of the polypeptide. Acting as an RNA template for rRNA synthesis, the amino groups of this molecule are included in the peptide chain during the synthesis of the polynucleotide formed by splicing the introns of m-RNAA. In eukarya, after polymerization of the rib synthon nucleic acid into