Cardiac Colloid

**Cardiac colloid** is a substance that is detected in the cells of the myocardium (heart muscle) when stained with fuchsin, according to the Selye method. It is assumed that cardiac colloid is formed during ischemic damage to heart tissue. However, the mechanism of its formation and function are not completely clear.

It is known that ischemic damage to myocardial cells can lead to an increase in the concentration of cardiac colloid in the cytoplasm of the cells. This phenomenon is called **diffuse ischemic zonification of the myocardium** and is one of the signs of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, cardiac colloid may be a marker of acute myocardial infarction and plays a role in determining the extent of damage to the heart muscle.

To determine the cardiac colloid, special methods of staining the myocardium are used. One such method is the Katolin-Wirson staining method, which is based on the change in color of the cardiac colloid when interacting with a dye, such as azure or methylene blue. This method allows you to determine the amount of cardiac colloid and the degree of myocardial damage in the early stages of the disease.

The effect of cardiac coloid on cardiac function is also being studied in scientific studies. It is believed that it may perform several functions in ischemic conditions, such as regulating protein synthesis and breakdown, stabilizing cell membranes, and maintaining the normal functioning of cardiomyocytes (muscle cells of the heart).

However, despite the importance of cardiac colloid, its formation mechanism and functions still remain incompletely understood. Research is ongoing to determine how the cardiac colloid is involved in diseases such as coronary artery disease and what its biological functions may be useful in treating these diseases.