Serological Reaction

A serological reaction is one of the methods for studying biological objects, which is used to determine the presence of antigens and antibodies in a sample. The antigen-antibody reaction is a process in which two substances, antigen and antibody, interact with each other and cause the appearance of certain symptoms.

One of the most common types of serological reaction is precipitation. In this case, the test sample containing the antigens is mixed with the antibody, which is associated with the sediment particles. If the antibodies find antigens in the sample, they form a complex that causes a precipitate to form. This allows you to determine the presence of antigen in the sample and its quantity.

The agglutination reaction is used to detect viruses and bacteria in biological samples. Samples containing virus antigens are placed in a pool of antibodies that react with the antigens. When antibodies and antigens interact, they stick together, which leads to the formation of large aggregates - agglutins. This also allows you to determine the presence of a virus or microorganism in the test sample.

Complement fixation is another type of serological reaction. In this reaction, antigens bind to antibodies, forming an immune complex. Immune complexes are detected by a laboratory test and allow you to determine

Serological reactions

Serological reactions are specific and nonspecific immunological methods based on the interaction of highly specific antibodies with an antigen. They are carried out, as a rule, between the blood serum of a patient or a donor suspected of blood infection with a test part or antidote to establish a diagnosis of the disease, the presence of immunity and subsequent monitoring of its level. Based on the interaction of antigen and antibodies - two main components of blood: protective proteins that are produced by the immune system when it encounters a foreign agent. Immunoglobulins present in serum are detected in the blood in the presence of foreign proteins. They destroy antigens if they are pathogenic. Antibodies are present in the physiological state of the body and cannot themselves cause harm to a person. When bacteria or viruses enter the body, an immune response is generated. It is then that the process of preparing therapeutic sera, antisera, and diagnosticums containing antibodies begins. Normally, immunoglobulin is usually located in capillaries, and it is usually called serum, and this term does not always indicate the removal of pathogens. The designation reflects only the ability to form antibodies. When it comes to serums, it means the introduction of a medical drug into the patient’s body in order to eliminate the symptoms of the disease.