Hypoglossal Nerve Canal Network

Hypoglossal nerve canal network: anatomy and functions

The hypoglossal nerve canal network (rete canalis nervi hypoglossi, JNA) is a complex structure of nerve fibers located in the tongue and sublingual region. This network is important for speech, swallowing, and other language-related functions.

Anatomy of the hypoglossal nerve canal network

The hypoglossal nerve canal network consists of fibers from the hypoglossal nerve, which is one of 12 cranial nerves. This nerve leaves the skull through the foramen magnum and goes down to the neck and tongue. In the area of ​​the tongue, the hypoglossal nerve is divided into many small branches that form the hypoglossal nerve canal network.

Functions of the hypoglossal nerve canal network

The hypoglossal nerve canal network plays an important role in speech and swallowing. It provides innervation to the muscles of the tongue that control its movements and shape, necessary for speech production and swallowing. In addition, the hypoglossal nerve canal network is involved in tongue sensation by providing information about the taste, temperature, and texture of food.

Diseases of the hypoglossal nerve canal network

Disturbances in the function of the hypoglossal nerve canal network can lead to various diseases associated with speech and swallowing. For example, damage to the hypoglossal nerve can cause dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), voice changes, dysarthria (difficulty pronouncing words), and other symptoms. Also, the hypoglossal nerve canal network can be affected in some neurological diseases, such as Lou Gehrig's disease, parkinsonism, etc.

Conclusion

The hypoglossal nerve canal network is an important component of the nervous system responsible for speech, swallowing, and tongue sensation. Understanding the anatomy and functions of this network will help in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases associated with its disruption.

The hypoglossal nerve canal is a component of the craniofacial nerve system. This channel ensures that the hyoid muscles and larynx are held in a position that allows articulation of speech without difficulty. His traumatic injuries are accompanied by swallowing disorders (dysphagia). Symptoms of hyoid canal lesions are often similar to those of craniopharyngeal dysfunction. Anatomically, the canal of the hypoglossal nerve vein is a subcapsular nerve ligament, which is formed as a sac with muscle fibers and innervates the muscles of the tongue, epiglottis, as well as the pharynx, larynx and substernal muscles.