Shiny Zone

Zona pellucida: Protective Sheath of the Ovum

The zona pellucida, also known as the zona pellucida or zona pellucida, is a clear and smooth membrane that surrounds the egg. It plays an important role in protecting the egg and regulating the fertilization process.

The zona pellucida consists of three layers of glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans. These layers provide strong protection to the egg from external influences such as physical damage or sperm attack. In addition, the zona pellucida acts as a barrier that prevents multiple sperm from penetrating the egg.

However, the zona pellucida also plays an important role in the fertilization process. After the sperm reaches the zona pellucida, it begins to interact with the glycoproteins that are on its surface. This interaction leads to the activation of the sperm, which begins to penetrate the zona pellucida and reaches the egg for fertilization.

The zona pellucida also plays an important role in the process of embryo implantation. After fertilization of the egg, the zona pellucida becomes thicker and stiffer, which prevents early implantation of the embryo. Ultimately, when the embryo reaches the blastocyst stage, the zona pellucida is destroyed, allowing the embryo to freely penetrate the uterine wall and begin the process of implantation.

In conclusion, the zona pellucida is an important protective shell of the egg, which also plays an important role in the process of fertilization and embryo implantation. Its unique structure and functions complement the complex process of developing new life.

Shiny zones are an example of an extravagant form of plant propagation. Various species of cultivated plants exhibit an impressive range of color and textural variations in the brilliant zones. These ectopic organs of the plant arise during the growth and transformation of the inner wall of the ovary, so that they become, as it were, “extra” organs and exist independently of the plant itself. Only those ectopics that appear on the seed ovaries due to a process during which the ovary tissue becomes parchment-like and translucent are called zona pellucida. It can be noted that under stress conditions in various crops, twisting of the ectopic organs of the seminal ovaries may occur, but only the zona pellucida contains a large amount of starch and can be tanified. Some plants produce shiny zones that look completely like seeds (jerusalem artichoke, pepper) or like tubers (potatoes). In laboratory conditions, the culture can be grown on nutrient media that meet the plant's needs for carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients, but the conditions necessary for ectopic production have not yet been studied.