Sigmoidectomy

A sigmoidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the sigmoid colon. Indications for sigmoidectomy are:

1. Presence of a tumor in the sigmoid colon (eg, colon cancer). In this case, sigmoidectomy is performed to remove the tumor.

2. Severe damage to the sigmoid colon due to diverticulosis. In complicated forms of diverticulosis (inflammation, fistulas), resection of the affected area of ​​the intestine may be required.

3. An abnormally long sigmoid colon that can twist and cause intestinal obstruction. In this case, resection of an excessively long segment is performed to prevent volvulus.

A sigmoidectomy is performed under general anesthesia. Access is carried out laparotomically (an incision in the anterior abdominal wall) or laparoscopically (using video endoscopic technology). The removed section of the intestine is sutured or an anastomosis is formed (connection of the ends of the intestine). The postoperative period usually proceeds smoothly, complications are rare. Restoration of intestinal patency occurs within several days.

Sigmoidectomy: Surgical solution for sigmoid colon problems

Introduction:

A sigmoidectomy, or surgical removal of the sigmoid colon, is a procedure that is performed to treat various diseases and conditions associated with this area of ​​the colon. This operation may be recommended in cases of tumors, severe bowel damage due to diverticulosis, or an abnormally long sigmoid colon that may become twisted.

Operation description:

A sigmoidectomy is usually performed under general anesthesia and requires some surgical expertise. The procedure involves removing a segment of the sigmoid colon, which is the last part of the colon before the rectum. During the operation, the surgeon makes a small incision in the abdomen and accesses the sigmoid colon. Then the affected segment of the intestine is removed, and the ends of the healthy intestine are connected using sutures or special fastening materials.

Indications for sigmoidectomy:

1. Tumors: Sigmoidectomy may be recommended if tumors are found in the sigmoid colon. Tumors can be either benign or malignant. For cancerous tumors, surgery may be part of an overall treatment plan to remove cancer cells and prevent the cancer from spreading.

2. Diverticulosis: Diverticulosis is a condition in which small projections called diverticula form on the walls of the intestine. When diverticula in the sigmoid colon become inflamed or infected, a sigmoidectomy may be required to remove the affected areas of the colon and prevent complications such as peritonitis.

3. Abnormally long sigmoid colon: Some people may have an abnormally long sigmoid colon, which is susceptible to torsion and the formation of intestinal tumors. In such cases, a sigmoidectomy may be recommended to eliminate the risk of bowel torsion and prevent other complications from occurring.

Postoperative period and expected results:

After a sigmoidectomy, patients usually remain in the hospital for several days for observation and recovery. In the first days after surgery, you may experience some discomfort, pain, and swelling. Hospital staff will provide appropriate support and appropriate hospital rehabilitation.

With proper recovery, most sigmoidectomy patients return to their normal lives. However, each case is individual, and recovery time may vary depending on the patient's general condition, the presence of complications and other factors.

Possible complications:

As with any surgical procedure, a sigmoidectomy may come with certain risks and complications. Some of the possible complications include:

1. Infection: Postoperative infection may occur at the incision site in the abdomen or inside the abdominal cavity. Antibiotics are usually used to prevent and treat infection.

2. Bleeding: In rare cases, bleeding may occur from vessels that were cut or damaged during surgery. In case of bleeding, additional surgical intervention may be required.

3. Scarring and Stricture: Post-surgery scarring and stricture (narrowing) of the bowel can make it difficult for food to pass through and cause symptoms such as abdominal pain and indigestion.

4. Impaired bowel function: Removal of the sigmoid colon may affect bowel function, which may lead to changes in bowel movements and frequency of bowel movements. In most cases, patients adapt to these changes over time.

Conclusion:

A sigmoidectomy is a surgical procedure that may be necessary to treat various diseases and conditions of the sigmoid colon. It is performed to remove tumors, treat diverticulosis, and prevent complications associated with an abnormally long sigmoid colon. Patients undergoing sigmoidectomy require appropriate postoperative care and rehabilitation to facilitate recovery and achieve the best results.

A sigmoidectomy is a high-tech operation performed to excise the inflamed lobe or entire section of the colon-sigmoid. As a rule, it is carried out in the presence of the following pathologies:

- abnormal development of the intestinal tract; - pathology of the mucous membrane of the organ; - complication after gastrointestinal diseases; - invasion by malignant tumors of the sigmoid region;

Sigmoidectomy is a surgical method for treating tumors in this department. In this case, part of the organ is affected, so the general function of the gastrointestinal tract is not disrupted. The complexity of the method lies in the fact that during the operation, manipulation occurs with additional systems of the body: the greater and lesser omentum, blood vessels, arteries, and the paranephric zone. This creates a risk of complications in the postoperative period. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a proper preoperative examination and choose the best way to eliminate the tumor.