Skin incision

Sebaceous glands are glands that secrete sebum. They are located in the dermis - the middle layer of the skin.

Tactile receptor - a receptor for touch located in the papillary, outermost layer of the skin - the epidermis.

Adipose tissue is the fat that makes up the subcutaneous tissue. It is located under the dermis and protects the body from the cold.

The superficial or keratinized layer of skin is the outermost layer of the epidermis, formed from dead horny scales.

The hair follicle is a pouch located deep in the dermis from which hair grows.

Sweat gland - glands located in the dermis that secrete sweat.

Color of the skin

Responsible for the color of the skin are melanocytes - cells located between the dermis and epidermis. They produce melanin, a dark pigment that filters the sun's ultraviolet rays and protects against sunburn.

More or less melanin determines skin color, so there is more of it in people of the black race and in people of the white race living in hotter regions. The production of melanin also explains seasonal changes in skin color.

However, people with very white skin and blond or red hair, including albinos (the latter have melanocytes that produce almost no melanin), do not tan, and their skin quickly turns red. Therefore, they must take more precautions to avoid sunburn.

Moles, which may appear in certain areas of the skin, are caused by a collection of melanocytes whose melanin forms a dark spot. Freckles also appear when melanin accumulates under the skin, but they are smaller and appear in groups, most often on the face. It is clear that they are more numerous and darker in the summer, when the sun's rays stimulate melanin production.