Crossbreeding Promiscuous (Panmixis)

Random crossing (panmixis) is the random crossing of individuals within a population, in which there is no choice of partners for mating based on any characteristics.

In promiscuous mating, any individual in a population can breed with any other individual with equal probability. There are no restrictions on the selection of partners related to religious, racial, social or other factors.

Random crossing leads to complete mixing of genes in the population. This ensures the highest possible genetic polymorphism and heterozygosity. In panmixis, the conditions for the action of natural selection are preserved and the species has the potential for adaptive evolution.

Random crossing is an idealized model; in nature, in most cases, partial isolation of subgroups within a population occurs. However, the concept of panmixis is important for understanding population genetic processes.

Random crossing (or panmixia) is random crossing within a population when there is no choice of partners based on religious, racial, social or any other characteristics.

In indiscriminate mating, each individual in a population has an equal probability of mating with any other individual in the same population. Thus, the selection of a partner for reproduction occurs randomly, without taking into account any characteristics of the individuals.

Indiscriminate interbreeding results in increased genetic diversity within a population. At the same time, differentiation between subgroups in the population decreases.

In nature, random crossing is less common than crossing between individuals with similar characteristics. However, in some species, such as fruit flies, it is the predominant form of mating.

Crosses between individuals belonging to different varieties or in different geographical areas are called panmixes. They allow the offspring to preserve the ability to cross and stable characteristics of the species. Panmixis always occurs between individuals of related groups or closely related species, but if during panmixis hybridization occurs with representatives of other more distant close groups of the same genus, then this is the so-called intergroup introgressive hybridization (IG). Panmix crossing can be considered as a complement or alternative to classical interspecific hybridization, when representatives of genetically different groups of the same species, the so-called species or intraspecific clones, are crossed. Although panmixia is, in principle, characteristic of all known forms of natural selection, it becomes a particularly effective factor when population variability (inbreeding) increases, and the closer the individuals are related, the better the panmixia effect. Following these statements, we can say that Panmiskia is worth practicing, at least until inbreeding depression is achieved. The idea of ​​panmixia should not be confused with ordinary interspecific crossing. This term does not mean that interspecific hybridization cannot now be used as a method of population management.