Staphyloma of the posterior sclera

Posterior scleral staphyloma (lat. staphyloma subscapulae; s. subcapsularis) is a pathological formation of the sclera and choroid, located in the posterior chamber of the eye. Names similar in etiology and pathogenesis: superficial retinocholedochoblichemal hernia, juxtaspheroidalhalera. The location of the formations is the ciliary zone in the fissure groove of the iris behind the contour of the Müller muscle. Most often it occurs in elderly patients (40-50 years and older) due to destructive changes in the eyeball and collagen layer of the sclera. Also, as age-related changes progress, there is an increase in the number of cases of the disease in young people; this fact is explained by metabolic disorders in people of this age category. It is rare, accounting for no more than 2.8% of all known plastic defects of the visual organs. Localization affects the third, less often the second or fourth ocular sections. It manifests itself in the form of pain and stinging, decreased visual acuity, and photophobia. Clinical examination revealed the presence of protrusion of scleral neoplasm tissue into the scleral fissure. To make an accurate diagnosis, biomicroscopy, gonioscopy, tonometry and ultrasound examination are performed.