Fistula Postoperative

A postoperative fistula is a pathological formation that occurs after surgery as a result of a violation of the integrity of the skin and connective tissue at the wound site. This term refers to the uncontrolled process of release of purulent mass from a wound or fistula into the patient's tissues.

A postoperative fistula occurs when sutures are carelessly applied or connective tissue is damaged during surgery. This occurs most often during surgery on the abdominal organs (for example, appendectomy), scarring of wounds, removal of a cyst, and other cases.

The most common cause of a fistula is improper installation of drainage or improper closure of the wound. Other causes include: infectious and purulent processes, tissue damage, internal damage, insufficient tissue nutrition.

**The main symptoms of postoperative fistula are:**

+ purulent or serous discharge from wounds or fistulas; + the presence of compaction and swelling in the wound area; + compaction and thickening of the wound area, resembling a “tunnel”; + increased sensitivity in the surgical area; + bleeding in the wound area.

If a postoperative fistula has been diagnosed, then it is necessary to contact a qualified specialist. Depending on the type of injury, the doctor prescribes treatment, including measures to prevent infection and maintain the patient’s health. Treatment of a fistula can be surgical, conservative, or include a comprehensive approach.

In the surgical treatment of a fistula, the method of excision of damaged tissue is used with further attachment to the skin or organs responsible for excretion. Conservative treatment includes the use of ointments and emulsions to prevent infection and soften tissue. An individualized approach may include the combined use of different treatment methods. At the moment, surgical treatment of a fistula is the most effective, however, its effectiveness depends on the severity of the injury and the condition of the patient’s body.