Rectoperineal fistula

Rectoperineal fistula: diagnosis, treatment and prevention

Rectoperineal fistula (also known as enteroperineal fistula) is a pathological condition characterized by the formation of an abnormal passage between the rectum and the perineum. This is a serious condition that can cause discomfort, pain and limitations in the patient's daily life. In this article we will look at the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of rectoperineal fistula.

Diagnosis of rectoperineal fistula is an important step in ensuring proper treatment of the patient. Typically includes a medical history, physical examination and instrumental studies. The doctor may ask questions about symptoms, such as pain, discharge, and changes in bowel movements. Physical examination includes visual assessment and palpation of the anorectal region. To confirm the diagnosis, studies such as rectoscopy, colonoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging may be prescribed.

Treatment of rectoperineal fistula may include conservative or surgical methods, depending on the severity of the disease. In some cases, especially if the fistula is small and causes minor symptoms, conservative treatment may be sufficient. This may include the use of anti-inflammatory medications, regulating bowel movements with diet and medications, and the use of heat compresses to relieve symptoms.

However, more severe cases may require surgery. Surgical treatment of a rectoperineal fistula often involves excision of the fistula tract and tissue reconstruction. There are several surgical treatment options, including open surgery, minimally invasive procedures, and laser photocoagulation. The choice of method depends on many factors, including the location and size of the fistula, as well as the individual characteristics of the patient.

Prevention of rectoperineal fistula includes maintaining a healthy lifestyle and avoiding risk factors. It is important to watch your diet, drinking enough water and fiber-rich foods to maintain regular bowel movements and prevent constipation. It is also recommended to avoid prolonged sitting or heavy physical activity, which can contribute to the development of a rectoperineal fistula. If you have a predisposition to this disease or if you have already been diagnosed with a fistula, it is important to be regularly examined by a specialist and follow his recommendations.

In conclusion, rectoperineal fistula is a serious condition that requires diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Early consultation with a doctor and proper treatment can contribute to the patient’s full recovery. If you suspect that you have a rectoperineal fistula or are experiencing symptoms, it is recommended that you immediately contact a medical professional for advice and appropriate treatment.

***Rec***toperineural fistula or rec*tovaginal fistula* is a pathological anastomosis between the rectum and vagina, resulting from a violation of the integrity of the wall of one of them. Most often it occurs in the posterior part of the rectum. Sometimes such an anastomosis is observed between the rectum and bladder, vagina and uterus, liver and stomach. The main symptom of a fistula is the gaping of its opening. Over time, connective tissue - sphincter - forms around the fistula, which creates additional difficulties for treatment. Rectoperineval fistula is usually treated surgically.

Normally, the intestines, uterus and pelvic skin are separated by walls or granulation tissue. Lack of formation of this tissue can lead to the development of pathological anastomoses between these organs, such as a fistula. Each type of fistula requires specific treatment and is only possible through surgery. Fistulas are complex, rare diseases that occur in patients of any age and require specialized medical care. The center for the treatment of delicate diseases, the EMC Medical Examination Clinic, uses the full range of medical diagnostics to determine the causes of a given disease.

Treatment of fistulas is always surgical. The main goal of surgical treatment of fistulas is their effective healing. If we cannot heal the fistula, then we simply stitch it up. And only later do we begin to think about the reasons for the failure. The main approaches used in fistula surgery include excision of the fistula tube along with its surrounding granulations and subsequent formation of a new channel using a manual method and/or tapeworm from a fragment of the colon, allograft or artificial materials.