Thermotaxis

Thermotaxis is a phenomenon in which a substance moves in the direction of increasing temperature. This occurs due to the fact that the substance has the property of spontaneous movement, which is called thermal diffusion. Thermal diffusion is a diffusion process that is caused by a temperature gradient.

Thermotaxis was discovered in 1905 by Russian scientist Pyotr Kapitsa. He studied the movement of gas molecules in capillaries and discovered that gas molecules move in the direction of increasing temperature. Kapitsa explained this phenomenon by the fact that when gas molecules move, their kinetic energy changes, which leads to a change in their speed and direction of movement.

In nature, thermotaxis occurs everywhere. For example, in living organisms, thermotaxis is used to move cells and tissues within the body. Thermotaxis is also used in medicine to deliver drugs to tissues and organs.

In addition, thermotaxis can be used in technology to create heat engines and thermoelectric generators. These devices use thermoelectric materials that create an electric current when temperature changes.

Thus, thermotaxis is an important phenomenon in nature and technology, which is used to create various devices and technologies.