Trepanation of the sclera

Scleral trephination, or scleral trepanation (lat. trepanatio scleræ) is a surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the sclera or scleral tunnel, resulting in the formation of a small periosteal defect. These types of operations in ophthalmology are used for surgical interventions in the eye area associated with the replacement of the lens, capsular bag and posterior capsule after phacoemulsification, after removal of cataracts and phakic intraocular lenses, as well as during various vitreoretinal interventions, for example, for fixing the periphery of the retina into the vitreous body. Mostly, the surgical technique is performed intraoperatively for diseases of the adnexal apparatus of the eye to eliminate pathologies such as glaucoma, obstruction of the lacrimal ducts, increased intraocular pressure, etc. The results of the operation show the effectiveness of this procedure in relieving the general tension in the brain of a patient with pathology of the eyeballs. The operations are performed by an eye surgeon using microsurgical techniques. When using scleral trepanation to treat patients, an ophthalmologist is guided by the basic methodological rules: 1. Minimal trauma to the papillary part of the iris; 2. Preventing damage to the internal environment of the eye; 3. Minimizing blood loss; 4. Selecting the correct size and shape of the hole; 5. Formation of a reliable and tight connection between the glass and the eye socket. More than one scleral defect site may be removed during a single operation. When assessing the result obtained, the patient feels the possibility of complete restoration of vision and quite often the glasses are removed soon after the operation. He returns to vigorous activity associated with increased load on the visual system. His performance is restored, his general well-being improves