Zygomatic bone

Zygomatic bone

The zygomatic bone, or temporal bone, is a paired bone located in the head. It is part of the facial skeleton and is located on the temples. The zygomatic bone has a flat capitate base, which is also called the temporal or zygomatic bone. The very name “zygomatic” implies “toothed”. This is due to the fact that the surface of the bone has a jagged appearance of processes. This arrangement is a feature of the zygomatic bone and other bones of the skull, for example, the frontal. Above, the bone connects to the wing of the sphenoid bone. Its anterior side borders the vomer, and its posterior side borders the periosteum of the upper jaw. Sometimes the surface of the temporal bone is in contact with the parietal bone, the base is blunt. On the medial side, the bone is connected to the temporal fossa, which enters the base of the skull. There is a lateral and medial part of the zygomatic bone, but it remains solid only up to the level of the external opening of the ear canal. The bone then divides into the lateral process and then into the coronoid crest. The lateral process rises relative to the anterior and posterior edges of the temporal fossa, covering the external auditory meatus of the skull. The ridge is shallow and flat in shape. Its upper part is called the coronoid process and is an arched small orbital fossa, curved upward. The middle part of the convex apex of the zygomatic fossa enters the temporal fossa along with the external auditory canal. Here, a platform for articulation with the temporomandibular joint of the lower jaw—the rough coronoid fossa—departs from the temporal surface. Below it there is a buccal ridge, which has a slight vertical direction. It is closely adjacent to the wing of the wedge-shaped scale and has the shape of a superstructure. At the ends of the ridge, closer to the top of the front part, there is a joint - anterior and posterior. The temporofacial openings run along the sides of the zygomatic part of the temporal region of the head. They lead to the pterygomandibular region, formed by the triangular-shaped buccal muscle. Passing through them, the zygomatic canals form a branch in the area of ​​the zygomatic opening. The temporal canals connect superiorly with the pterygoid palatine and rise through the opening for the nose. Near its base, the canals form the upper lateral wall of the maxillary sinus with the mucous membrane and merge with each other with the transverse wall. In addition, several channels transmitting arteries extend to the zygomaticofacial foramen