Acute Action Zone

The acute zone is the zone in which the body experiences the toxic effects of a substance. It may be a chemical, drug, poison or other toxin that causes various symptoms and reactions in the body.

The acute zone is characterized by the body reacting to the toxin quickly and intensely. Various symptoms may appear in this area, such as nausea, vomiting, headache, weakness, dizziness, loss of consciousness and others. Changes in the functioning of organs and systems of the body may also be observed, for example, disruption of the heart, liver, kidneys and other organs.

In order to avoid toxic effects on the body, it is necessary to know the zone of acute action of the substance and not exceed its boundaries. When working with poisons and other toxic substances, it is necessary to take precautions and use special protective equipment.

In addition, the zone of acute action may depend on the individual characteristics of the body and its sensitivity to certain substances. Therefore, each person may have his own zone of acute action, which must be taken into account when working with toxins and other harmful substances.

The zone of acute action - ZT D. - is the length of the section of an organ or tissue through which the paralyzing and toxic effect of the substance causing poisoning spreads. This is the distance covered by a substance in a certain time. It is determined by the kinetics of toxic substances, the rate of their penetration into the body and excretion from it, as well as the conditions of breathing, heat exchange, blood circulation, etc. When the pesticide is directly introduced into the blood or body cavities, its rapid penetration into all organs and tissues is ensured and, as a result, This is the development of the picture of acute poisoning. In this regard, the term “acute action zone” itself is used mainly in relation to such poisons. According to the literature, various time indicators (30–50 min) or concentrations are used as criteria for the zone of acute action. It is more correct to use, along with a temporary criterion, i.e. an indicator of acute action (toxic effect), another - the maximum level of concentration of poison in the body 5-6 hours after administration of the poison, which corresponds to an integral indicator of the degree of influence of the poison on the state of the body. In practice, only the first curve of intoxication is often determined. There are three periods of acute intoxication. Each of them is characterized by a special morphological symptom complex. The first period is characterized by intoxication of the body as a result of the absorption of poison. The second period corresponds to the suffocation effect. If the body does not die before the end of the period, then the next period corresponds to the period of coma. It is observed after the body is brought out of the coma state. The zone of acute action of pesticides depends entirely on the physical properties of the drug and the physiological parameters of the organism that it poisons. Considering this parameter, it can be noted that the zone of acute action of some pesticides has undergone certain changes in recent years. Unfortunately, the degree of toxic effect of many pesticides on living organisms has not yet been precisely determined. The most toxic of them have been identified, which are capable of causing deep damage to internal organs and tissues upon contact with an open area of ​​skin and penetration into the body, leading to severe disruption of the vital functions of the body (blood circulation, breathing, digestion, etc.). Chlorine and organophosphorus substances, organic carboxylic acids, benzothiazole derivatives, besta have a very large toxic effect.