Adrenoreactive Structures

**Adrenoreactive structures** are cells or their components that contain receptors for catecholamines (adrenaline and norepinephrine). Adrenaline in the body primarily binds to adrenergic receptors built directly into the cell membrane. This is due to the ability of catecholamine to selectively stabilize or open open channels through which cations necessary for electrical excitation can pass through cell membranes. The properties of adrenoxelective and related enzymes depend on three factors: first, the structure of its molecule; second, its affinity for receptors; third, the path of subsequent transformation.

There are 4 types of adrenergic receptors, humans and other animals have 3 of them (alpha, beta and gamma), more precisely 2 alpha and one beta. Alpha 1 - suppress the influence of the enzyme histaminase, as a result of which its enzymatic activity changes; α2 adrenergic receptors are located on the surface of parasympathetic neurons, thereby preventing the transfer of excitation from them and mediating the stimulating effects of catecholamines, in particular, and noradrophins, substances on the heart and blood vessels. Alpha 2-adrenergic enzymes do not occur in the presynaptic terminals of sympathetic nerve endings; their function can be realized through the caudal parts of the brain. α1 - are also found in platelets (thromboxanes promote aggregation and increase platelet adhesion), smooth muscle cells, hypothalamus, thymus, adrenal glands, blood vessels, neurons, salivary glands. The adrenergic a1 receptor, caused by catechins in tea and coffee, has a pronounced pressor effect and constricts peripheral arterioles. Under the influence of adrenaline, when the α-1 adrenergic receptor is activated, diastolic blood pressure rises in the cerebral vessels and the speed and volume of blood flow decreases, which facilitates the pressure drop in small veins and facilitates the excretion of plasma and fluid from the capillaries. Stimulation of α1-adrenergic receptors causes a narrowing of the bronchi, an increase in tension and tone of the smooth muscles of the internal organs and thereby increases