Anemia

Title: Anemia

Anemia is a common disease in children. This is due to the anatomical and physiological immaturity of the hematopoietic organs in children and their high sensitivity to the effects of adverse environmental factors. In children, the same groups of anemia are distinguished as in adults.

Deficiency anemia occurs due to insufficient intake of substances necessary for the formation of hemoglobin into the child’s body; they are observed more often in children of the first year of life. The most common nutritional anemias are caused by insufficient or monotonous nutrition.

Iron deficiency anemia is the most common. In mild cases, lethargy, decreased appetite, and pale skin are noted. In severe cases - developmental delay, anorexia, pronounced changes in the skin and its appendages.

Vitamin deficiency anemia can be either acquired or hereditary. They are accompanied by delayed development of the child.

Diagnosis is based on the clinical picture and laboratory data. Treatment consists of eliminating the causes and normalizing nutrition.

Hypoplastic anemia can be either acquired or congenital.

The causes of hemolytic anemia may be incompatibility between the blood of mother and fetus, autoimmune reactions, and lack of vitamins. Hereditary forms are caused by defects in red blood cells or hemoglobins.