Leukoplakia

Leukoplakia: dystrophic change in the mucous membrane

Leukoplakia is a dystrophic change in the mucous membrane, which is accompanied by keratinization of the epithelial layer. This condition usually develops as a result of local chronic irritants such as smoking and alcohol consumption. It can also be caused by mild chronic inflammation, and leukoplakia is considered as a kind of protective reaction to chronic irritation of the mucous membrane.

One of the important factors contributing to the development of leukoplakia is vitamin A deficiency. Mostly middle-aged men suffer from this condition. Leukoplakia is usually localized on the mucous membrane of the cheeks near the corner of the mouth, tongue and lower lip. There are several forms of leukoplakia.

With the flat form of leukoplakia, patients usually do not experience any complaints, although a feeling of tightness may occur. Foci of the mucous membrane become cloudy and, as they become keratinized, acquire an opalescent appearance, reminiscent of mother-of-pearl. They protrude slightly above the relief of the mucous membrane.

The warty form of leukoplakia is characterized by sharply defined areas of keratinization, which often overlap areas of flat leukoplakia. The surface of these areas may be bumpy. The erosive form of leukoplakia is manifested by erosions and cracks against the background of foci of other forms of leukoplakia.

Treatment of leukoplakia includes sanitation of the oral cavity, cessation of smoking and alcohol consumption. It is also recommended to take vitamin A, for example, oral concentrate in a dose of 10 drops three times a day. Repeated treatment with the Libyan aerosol preparation may also be effective. If lips are affected, it is recommended to use a photoprotective cream.

The appearance of signs of malignancy, that is, the transformation of leukoplakia into a precancerous condition, is the basis for surgical removal. Patients with leukoplakia should be under medical supervision. The prognosis for the flat form of leukoplakia is usually favorable, it can be reversible. Warty and erosive forms are considered precancerous conditions and require more careful monitoring and treatment.

Leukoplakia is a disease in which white patches form on the lining of the mouth or throat. They can be caused by various factors such as smoking, alcohol, infections and other diseases.

Leukoplakia can be either mild or severe. The mild form usually causes no symptoms and can only be detected when examined by a doctor. Severe forms can cause pain, burning and bleeding.

Various methods are used to treat leukoplakia, including surgical removal of the spots, laser therapy, and the use of medications. However, the most effective treatment is to quit smoking and alcohol, and visit your dentist regularly for checkups.

It is important to remember that leukoplakia can lead to serious complications such as mouth and throat cancer. Therefore, if you notice any symptoms, you should consult a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.