Infertility in Women

Infertility in women

Infertility ranks second among the reasons for visiting a gynecologist for women of childbearing age. Infertility is the inability to conceive within one year of regular sexual activity without the use of contraception. The frequency of infertile marriages is 10-15%. However, in 30% of cases, the cause of infertility is the man.

Causes of infertility in women

Infertility of a woman is associated with three main reasons:

1. Violation of patency of pipes
2. Violation of egg maturation processes
3. Gynecological diseases

Impaired patency of the fallopian tubes occurs as a consequence of inflammatory processes and operations on the internal genital organs.

Impaired maturation and release of the egg is a consequence of diseases of the endocrine glands (ovaries, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands), as well as obesity, rapid weight loss, chronic stress, hypovitaminosis, chronic alcoholism.

Among the gynecological diseases that cause infertility, the first place is occupied by endometriosis, some tumors of the uterus and ovaries.

Treatment

To find out the causes of infertility in women, a whole range of research methods are used: ultrasound, x-ray, hormonal, laparoscopic, etc.

Treatment for infertility depends on the cause that caused it. In recent years, active drugs have been developed and introduced to stimulate ovarian function and egg maturation.

Surgical methods for the treatment of tubal infertility have been improved: a microsurgical technique for treating adhesions and restoring tubal patency using special instruments and special suture material has been proposed.

A laser is used to separate adhesions. The onset of pregnancy after surgical treatment does not exceed 35-40% of cases.

To treat the immunological form of infertility, artificial insemination with the sperm of the husband or donor is used, in which the sperm is injected directly into the uterine cavity at the time of ovulation.

In large clinics, a method has been developed and implemented to fertilize an egg to a certain stage of development and transfer the embryo to the uterus. This method is very complex and requires expensive tools and equipment.

The absolute indications for its use are the absence of fallopian tubes or their complete obstruction that cannot be treated. This method of treating infertility is recommended for women under 35 years of age in the absence of diseases that impede pregnancy and childbirth.