Osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis is a purulent inflammation of bone tissue. Osteomyelitis is most often caused by bacteria such as staphylococci, mycobacterium tuberculosis and actinomycetes.

Osteomyelitis can occur with open bone fractures when the infection enters directly into the bone through the wound. The cause may also be hematogenous spread (through the bloodstream) of infection from other foci - chronic tonsillitis, sinusitis, etc.

The most commonly affected are the long bones of the extremities - the femur, tibia, and humerus.

Symptoms of osteomyelitis:

1. High temperature (up to 39-40 C)

2. Chills, weakness

3. Pain in the affected bone

4. Swelling, redness and local increase in skin temperature over the lesion

5. In the future, suppuration and fistula formation are possible

Complications of acute osteomyelitis can include necrosis of large areas of bone (sequestra), pathological fractures, and transition of the process to the joint.

Treatment:

1. Opening and draining a purulent lesion

2. Necrectomy (removal of dead tissue)

3. Antibiotics active against bone tissue (lincomycin, fusidine, etc.)

4. General restorative therapy

Prevention of osteomyelitis involves timely treatment of open fractures and foci of chronic infection.

Osteomyelitis: definition, symptoms and treatment

Osteomyelitis is a serious infectious disease that affects the bones and bone marrow. It is characterized by inflammation of the bones caused by a bacterial or fungal infection. Osteomyelitis can affect any bone in the body, but it most often affects the long bones of the limbs, such as the thighs, legs, or humeri.

Symptoms of osteomyelitis may include:

1. Pain in the area of ​​the affected bone or joint.
2. Swelling and redness of the skin around the affected area.
3. Increased body temperature and general weakness.
4. Restriction of movement in the affected area.
5. Purulent or bloody drainage from the wound, if present.

Osteomyelitis can occur for several reasons. One of the most common causes is the spread of infection through blood from another part of the body, such as a tooth or respiratory tract. An injury or open wound can also become a source of infection that penetrates into the bone. People with weakened immune systems, such as diabetics or patients receiving chemotherapy, are more susceptible to developing osteomyelitis.

The diagnosis of osteomyelitis is usually based on the patient's medical history, physical examination, and laboratory results. Diagnostic methods may include x-rays, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and taking a biopsy of the affected bone for laboratory tests.

Treatment for osteomyelitis usually involves a combination of antibiotics to fight the infection and surgery to remove the affected tissue or drain the purulent fluid. In some cases, surgical reconstruction of the bone or the use of special devices may be required to support and stabilize the affected area.

The treatment process for osteomyelitis can be lengthy and require prolonged use of antibiotics. Patients may be given intravenous (intravenous) antibiotics for several weeks and then switched to oral antibiotics to continue treatment at home.

In general, the prognosis of osteomyelitis depends on many factors, including the patient's age, general health, type of infection, and timely initiation of treatment. Early consultation with a doctor and timely treatment play an important role in preventing complications and ensuring a positive outcome.

In conclusion, osteomyelitis is a serious infectious disease of the bones and bone marrow. It requires timely diagnosis and adequate treatment, including antibiotics and, in some cases, surgery. If you suspect or experience osteomyelitis, it is important to contact your doctor immediately for professional help and treatment.

Osteomyelitis: a dangerous inflammatory bone disease

Osteomyelitis is a serious infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the bones and bone marrow. It can affect both children and adults, and is one of the most complex and dangerous orthopedic diseases. Osteomyelitis can occur in any bone in the body, although the long bones of the limbs, such as the thighs and legs, are most commonly affected.

Osteomyelitis is caused by bacterial infections. The most common pathogens are staphylococci, streptococci and gram-negative bacteria. The infection can enter the bone through an open wound, a fracture, surgery, or through the bloodstream from another infected area of ​​the body. It follows that the risk of developing osteomyelitis increases in the presence of chronic wounds, as well as in insufficiently effective treatment of infections.

Symptoms of osteomyelitis may vary depending on the stage of the disease. In the early stage, patients often experience general symptoms of infection such as fever, fatigue and general weakness. There may be pain and swelling in the area of ​​the affected bone, as well as limited movement. With chronic osteomyelitis, symptoms may be less severe, but still include periodic exacerbations and relapses of infection.

Various methods are used to diagnose osteomyelitis. Your doctor may order an X-ray to look for changes in the bone tissue, a computed tomography (CT) scan, or a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan to get more information about the condition of the affected area. In addition, laboratory tests of blood and tissue samples may be performed to identify the infectious agent.

Treatment of osteomyelitis involves a comprehensive approach and may vary depending on the stage and nature of the disease. A combination of antibiotics is usually used to fight the infection. If a lesion develops, surgery may be required to drain and remove the infected material from the bone. In some cases, reconstructive surgery may be required to repair damaged bone.

An important aspect of osteomyelitis treatment is the prevention of relapses and complications. Patients may be prescribed long courses of antibiotics and regular monitoring examinations to monitor the disease. It is also important to ensure proper hygiene and wound care to prevent the possibility of reinfection.

In conclusion, osteomyelitis is a serious disease that requires timely diagnosis and comprehensive treatment. It is important to see a doctor if you notice any suspicious symptoms, such as bone pain, swelling, or limited movement. Maintaining good hygiene, preventing infections, and promptly treating other conditions can help reduce the risk of developing osteomyelitis.