Antibodies Group

Group antibodies are a biological phenomenon that is observed in humans and other animals in response to infections and inflammation. Specifically, a group of antibodies that are directed simultaneously against different organisms that cause an immune reaction. An antibody is a molecule made up of many amino acids that can bind to a specific antigen, protecting the body from infection

Group antibodies are called 1. A., which are directed simultaneously against various microbes and cause cross immunological reactions; for example, group agglutinins, which make it possible to assign entire species or other microscopic creatures to one group designation (unlike agglutinogens, for example, priestess serum in many diphtheria pathogens). Cross-reactions of the group type are also present in antitoxic a. immunized pig, determining the group affiliation of the poisons of various cholera bacilli (O. Ludwig and G. Falisch, Bering, 3rd ed., 508).

As you know, immunity is a protective reaction of our body to the introduction of any foreign agent, which can be a microbial cell, its elements, poisons, or food products. It is a complex phenomenon in its origin and structure. The fact that such a system of protective reactions exists is proven by any natural disease, even with a seemingly single irradiation of the body. Any subsequent encounter with the same source will no longer cause any noticeable pathological effect, since the immune system will fight it. The mechanism of the immune system has not yet been fully studied, but all the actions of an immunologist are aimed at defeating infectious diseases. In this case, immunity is a complex reaction of the body as a whole, aimed at neutralizing foreign agents. The fact is that during the proliferation of microbial cells, a rejection reaction by the immune system often occurs, which destroys these cells. Thanks to this mechanism, relative balance is maintained in microbial populations. They are destroyed by immune cells, but a small part of them remains, which the immunocytes do not touch. The immune system actively produces substances that are directed primarily against tissue antigens. The main component of these substances are antibodies. The antigenic centers of the cellular structure of various microorganisms form linear protein polymer chains with heavier sections of the chain. In contrast, tissue proteins lack so many centers, they have a more delicate structure, and strictly individual proteins are definitely better distinguishable in them. Therefore, the main role in the induction of antigens is played by microbial capsule proteins or special enzymes.

The human immune system contains special proteins called antibodies. They are key components of the immune system and play an important role in protecting the body from infections and other diseases. Antibodies are classified into group and individual. Group antibodies are directed against different types of microorganisms and provide cross-protection against several infections, while individual antibodies react to a specific antigen and fight it. At the same time, the work of group antibodies is due to the presence of cellular factors, such as T-helper cells and immune